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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 74, Shloka 2

भरतस्य कैकेयी-गर्हा तथा सुरभि-दृष्टान्तः

Bharata’s Reproach of Kaikeyi and the Surabhi Exemplum

राज्याद्भ्रंशस्व कैकेयि नृशंसे दुष्टचारिणि।परित्यक्ता च धर्मेण मा मृतं रुदती भव।।।।

rājyād bhraṁśasva kaikeyi nṛśaṁse duṣṭacāriṇi | parityaktā ca dharmeṇa mā mṛtaṁ rudatī bhava ||

O Kaikeyi—cruel and of wicked conduct—may you fall from royal power. Cast off by righteousness itself, may you weep over me when I am dead.

राज्यात्from the kingdom
राज्यात्:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-एकवचन (Ablative Sg)
भ्रंशस्वbe deprived/fall away
भ्रंशस्व:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभ्रंश् (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः: fall away/be deprived
कैकेयिO Kaikeyi
कैकेयि:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootकैकेयी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-एकवचन (Voc Sg)
नृशंसेO cruel one
नृशंसे:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-एकवचन; विशेषण (कैकेयि)
दुष्ट-चारिणिO wicked-doer
दुष्ट-चारिणि:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक) + चारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः: दुष्टं चरति (of wicked conduct)
परित्यक्ताabandoned
परित्यक्ता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-त्यज् (धातु) → परित्यक्त (कृदन्त)
Formकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; (you) abandoned
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
धर्मेणby righteousness/by dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-एकवचन (Instr Sg); करण/हेतु (by/according to dharma)
माdo not
मा:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-निपात (prohibitive particle)
मृतम्dead
मृतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृ (धातु) → मृत (कृदन्त)
Formकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle) used predicatively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-एकवचन; here: ‘(me) dead’ (object of thinking/occasion)
रुदतीweeping
रुदती:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootरुद् (धातु) → रुदत् (कृदन्त)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (Present Active Participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; (being) weeping
भवbe
भव:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

O cruel Kaikeyi of wicked conduct, you may be deprived of the kingdom. Abandoned by righteousness, you shall be weeping for me after my death.

K
Kaikeyi
D
Dharma

FAQs

The verse frames adharma as self-punishing: when one violates righteousness, one becomes 'abandoned by dharma'—losing legitimacy, protection, and inner support, leading ultimately to remorse.

In the aftermath of Rama’s exile decision, Kaikeyi is reproached bitterly; the speaker foresees that her wrongful act will bring downfall and sorrow.

The implicit virtue is dharma as moral order and legitimacy: true authority depends on righteousness, and its loss results in disgrace and grief.