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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 49, Shloka 8

एकोनपञ्चाशः सर्गः (Sarga 49): Rāma’s Night Journey Beyond Kosala and the Charioteer Address

अहो दशरथो राजा निस्नेहः स्वसुतं प्रियम्।प्रजानामनघं रामं परित्यक्तुमिहेच्छति।।।।

aho daśaratho rājā nisnehaḥ svasutaṃ priyam |

prajānām anaghaṃ rāmaṃ parityaktum ihēcchati ||

“Alas—King Daśaratha, bereft of affection, now wishes to abandon here his own beloved son, the sinless Rāma, who is dear to the people.”

अहोalas!
अहो:
Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन/उद्गार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअहो (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विस्मय/शोकसूचक-निपात (interjection/particle)
दशरथःDasaratha
दशरथः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st case, Nominative); एकवचन
राजाking
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
निस्नेहःwithout affection
निस्नेहः:
Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिस्नेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) दशरथस्य
स्वसुतम्his own son
स्वसुतम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd case, Accusative); एकवचन
प्रियम्dear
प्रियम्:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) स्वसुतम्/रामम्
प्रजानाम्of the subjects
प्रजानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th case, Genitive); बहुवचन
अनघम्sinless
अनघम्:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective) रामम्
रामम्Rama
रामम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन; स्वसुतम् इत्यस्य विशेष्य (apposition)
परित्यक्तुम्to abandon
परित्यक्तुम्:
Prayojana/Complement (प्रयोजन/पूरक)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-त्यज् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive); ‘परित्यजितुम्’ (to abandon)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
इच्छतिwishes
इच्छति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन

Alas, the loveless king Dasaratha now intends to abandon his own sinless son Rama who is dear to the subjects.

D
Daśaratha
R
Rāma
S
subjects (prajā)

FAQs

It stresses that a ruler and father should uphold duty grounded in affection and justice; abandoning the blameless who benefit the people is seen as a failure of rājadharma.

The populace interprets the exile as Daśaratha’s abandonment of a beloved and blameless heir, lamenting the moral inversion of the kingdom’s decision.

Rāma’s blamelessness (anagha) and popularity—he is “dear to the subjects”—are emphasized.