Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 25, Shloka 19

कौशल्याया मङ्गलविधानम्

Kausalya’s Benedictions and Protective Rites for Rama

Devanagari script

महाद्विपाश्च सिंहाश्च व्याघ्रा ऋक्षाश्च दंष्ट्रिणः।महिषा श्शृङ्गिणो रौद्रा न ते द्रुह्यन्तु पुत्रक।।2.25.19।।

Transliteration

mahā-dvipāś ca siṃhāś ca vyāghrā ṛkṣāś ca daṃṣṭriṇaḥ |

mahiṣāḥ śṛṅgiṇo raudrā na te druhyantu putraka || 2.25.19 ||

Translation

My child, may mighty elephants, lions with fearsome fangs, tigers, bears, and fierce horned buffaloes not do you any harm.

Word by Word

• mahā-dvipāḥ: mighty elephants
• mahā-dvipāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + dvipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; 'great elephants'

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• siṃhāḥ: lions
• siṃhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: siṃha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• vyāghrāḥ: tigers
• vyāghrāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vyāghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana

• ṛkṣāḥ: bears
• ṛkṣāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• daṃṣṭriṇaḥ: fang-toothed
• daṃṣṭriṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daṃṣṭrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; adjective 'having fangs/teeth' qualifying siṃhāḥ etc.

• mahiṣāḥ: buffaloes
• mahiṣāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahiṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana

• śṛṅgiṇaḥ: horned
• śṛṅgiṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śṛṅgin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; 'horned' qualifying mahiṣāḥ

• raudrāḥ: fierce
• raudrāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: raudra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; 'fierce' qualifying the animals

• na: not
• na: Sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Pratiṣedha (negation) particle

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Caturthī Ekavacana; dative 'to you'

• druhyantu: may (they) not harm
• druhyantu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: druh (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa Bahuvacana, parasmaipada; with na = 'let them not harm/bear malice'

• putraka: O dear child
• putraka: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: putraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana Ekavacana

Context

May the mighty elephants, lions with pointed incisors, tigers, bears and fierce, wild, horned buffaloes, do you no harm, O my dear son!

Characters & Entities

• Elephants
• Lions
• Tigers
• Bears

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes safeguarding life while pursuing duty: the blessing seeks a non-hostile environment so righteous action can continue without needless violence.

What is the narrative situation?

The benediction culminates in protection from large wild animals that could endanger a forest-dweller.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Composed bravery: Rāma is expected to face wilderness dangers without losing restraint, remaining anchored in truth and duty.