Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 2, Shloka 49

यौवराज्य-प्रस्तावः

Proposal for Rāma’s Installation as Heir-Apparent

Devanagari script

वत्सश्श्रेयसि जातस्ते दिष्ट्याऽसौ तव राघव।दिष्ट्या पुत्रगुणैर्युक्तो मारीच इव काश्यपः।।2.2.49।।

Transliteration

vatsaḥ śreyasi jātas te diṣṭyā ’sau tava rāghava | diṣṭyā putraguṇair yukto mārīca iva kāśyapaḥ || 2.2.49 ||

Translation

O Rāghava, by good fortune this son has been born to you for the sake of welfare—endowed, by good fortune, with the virtues an ideal son should possess, like Kāśyapa’s son Mārīca.

Word by Word

• वत्सः: dear child; son
• वत्सः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; used as address/apposition

• श्रेयसि: in welfare; for good
• श्रेयसि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śreyas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; idiomatically 'for welfare/for good'

• जातः: has been born
• जातः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jan (जन् धातु) + jāta (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: kta-participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicative with implied 'अस्ति'

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; enclitic

• दिष्ट्या: fortunately
• दिष्ट्या: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: diṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental used adverbially (तृतीया-अर्थे अव्ययीभाव); interjectional adverb 'fortunately'

• असौ: this (he)
• असौ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• राघव: O Raghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular

• दिष्ट्या: fortunately
• दिष्ट्या: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: diṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental used adverbially (तृतीया-अर्थे अव्ययीभाव)

• पुत्रगुणैः: with the qualities of a son
• पुत्रगुणैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• युक्तः: endowed
• युक्तः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तरि विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yuj (युज् धातु) + yukta (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; kta-participle used adjectivally; agrees with 'असौ'

• मारीचः: Maricha
• मारीचः: Upamana (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārīca (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; proper name (upamāna)

• इव: like
• इव: Avyaya (अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle of comparison (उपमा-सूचक)

• काश्यपः: Kashyapa
• काश्यपः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; subject of comparison

Context

 Gandharvas, uragas, devas, asuras, the inhabitants of towns and villages, all men living in neighbouring or distant regions are wish the illustrious Rama strength, health and long life.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha (Rāghava)
• Rāma
• Kāśyapa
• Mārīca

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Putra-dharma: the ideal son embodies virtues that support family and kingdom welfare; his birth is framed as a boon oriented toward śreyas (true good).

What is the narrative situation?

Rama is praised in terms of exemplary sonhood and auspicious destiny, reinforcing the legitimacy of his succession.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Putraguṇa—obedience, integrity, and welfare-oriented conduct expected of a royal heir.