Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 100, Shloka 47

शततमः सर्गः — Rāma Questions Bharata on Rājadharma

Governance, Counsel, and Public Welfare

Devanagari script

कच्चित्ते दयितास्सर्वे कृषिगोरक्षजीविनः।वार्तायां संश्रितस्तात लोको हि सुखमेधते।।।।

Transliteration

kaccit te dayitāḥ sarve kṛṣigorakṣajīvinaḥ |

vārtāyāṃ saṃśritas tāta loko hi sukham edhate || 2.100.47 ||

Translation

Are all those dear to you who live by farming and cattle-rearing? For, dear one, the people prosper happily when they are supported by productive livelihoods (vārttā).

Word by Word

• कच्चित्: I hope; is it so?
• कच्चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kaccit (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle), आशङ्का/आश्वासनार्थे ‘I hope/Is it the case?’

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana (सम्प्रदानम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी/चतुर्थी? एकवचन; अत्र दत्तिवाचक-सम्बन्धे चतुर्थी एकवचन (to you)

• दयिताः: dear; well-disposed
• दयिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dayita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (beloved/favourable)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (all)

• कृषि-गोरक्ष-जीविनः: those living by farming and cattle-rearing
• कृषि-गोरक्ष-जीविनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + go-rakṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + jīvin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; उपजीव्य-तत्पुरुषः (कृष्या गोरक्षया च जीविनः)

• वार्तायाम्: in (their) occupation
• वार्तायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vārttā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण (in livelihood/occupation)

• संश्रितः: dependent; resorting to
• संश्रितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-śri (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘आश्रित/निर्भर’

• तात: dear child
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधनम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• लोकः: the people; the world
• लोकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)

• सुखम्: happily; in comfort
• सुखम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (happily)

• एधते: prospers; grows
• एधते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: edh (धातु)
• Form: लट् लकार (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

I trust all those men who live on agriculture and cattle-rearing are favourable to you.The world's prosperity, dear brother, grows on the profession of cattle rearing.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rājadharma includes protecting and valuing the productive classes—farmers and cattle-rearers—because society’s stability and welfare depend on sustainable livelihoods.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma asks whether Bharata maintains good relations with agrarian and pastoral communities, emphasizing that a kingdom’s prosperity rests on them.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Practical wisdom in governance: recognizing that ethical rule must be supported by economic well-being and protection of those who sustain the realm.