Shloka 22

Devanagari script

ख्यातिः सत्य् अथ संभूतिः स्मृतिः प्रीतिः क्षमा तथा सन्नतिश् चानसूया च ऊर्जा स्वाहा स्वधा तथा

Transliteration

khyātiḥ saty atha saṃbhūtiḥ smṛtiḥ prītiḥ kṣamā tathā sannatiś cānasūyā ca ūrjā svāhā svadhā tathā

Translation

迦耶提（Khyāti）、萨提雅（Satyā）、三布提（Saṃbhūti）；斯摩利提（Smṛti）、普利提（Prīti）、克沙玛（Kṣamā）；萨那提（Sannati）、阿那苏雅（Anasūyā）；以及乌尔迦（Ūrjā）、斯瓦哈（Svāhā）、斯瓦达（Svadhā）——依次如是宣说。凭借这些可敬的女神之力，在至上主毗湿奴的主权之下，世间的达摩与祭祀秩序得以维系。

Word by Word

• ख्यातिः: Fame/renown (Khyāti)
• ख्यातिः: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ख्याति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सती: Satī
• सती: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘सती’ (virtuous one)

• अथ: then/and
• अथ: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle), अनुक्रम/आरम्भार्थ

• संभूतिः: Saṃbhūti
• संभूतिः: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्-भू (धातु) + क्तिन् (प्रत्यय)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्तिन्-प्रत्ययान्त भाववाचक/नाम

• स्मृतिः: Memory (Smṛti)
• स्मृतिः: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्मृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रीतिः: Affection (Prīti)
• प्रीतिः: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्षमा: Forbearance (Kṣamā)
• क्षमा: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तथा: and also
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conj./adverb), समुच्चयार्थ

• सन्नतिः: Humility (Sannati)
• सन्नतिः: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्नति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अनसूया: Anasūyā
• अनसूया: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनसूया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• ऊर्जा: Energy (Ūrjā)
• ऊर्जा: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्जा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्वाहा: Svāhā
• स्वाहा: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वाहा (प्रातिपदिक/निपातवत्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्वधा: Svadhā
• स्वधा: Karta (Item in list/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधा (प्रातिपदिक/निपातवत्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तथा: and also
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conj./adverb), समुच्चयार्थ

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Enumeration of Dharma’s daughters (personified powers) and their role in sustaining sacrificial and ethical order

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: revealing

Cosmological Context

Creation Stage: Secondary

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Svāhā and Svadhā, alongside virtues like Kṣamā and Anasūyā, are portrayed as living supports of yajña and dharma under Viṣṇu’s supreme governance.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: Bring devotion into daily offerings (food, work, remembrance of ancestors) while cultivating forgiveness and non-envy as spiritual disciplines.

Vishishtadvaita: Yajña and virtues function as real divine energies within the Lord’s immanent order, harmonizing worldly duty with God-centered life.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Narayana

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Khyāti
• Satyā
• Saṃbhūti
• Smṛti
• Prīti
• Kṣamā
• Sannati
• Anasūyā
• Ūrjā
• Svāhā
• Svadhā
• Dakṣa (context)
• Prajāpatis (context)
• Viṣṇu (cosmic sovereignty, implied doctrinal frame)

FAQs

What is the significance of Svāhā and Svadhā in the Vishnu Purana?

They personify the ritual formulas that carry offerings—Svāhā for the gods in fire-sacrifice and Svadhā for the ancestors—showing that cosmic order is maintained through yajña and pitṛ obligations.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the role of personified virtues like Smṛti and Kṣamā?

By listing them as divine feminine powers within creation, Parāśara frames moral qualities as cosmic principles—forces that stabilize society and dharma as part of the ordered universe.

What is the theological importance of Lord Viṣṇu in this context?

Even when the verse enumerates genealogical and dharmic personifications, the Purāṇa’s outlook treats these as functioning within Viṣṇu’s supreme governance—his sustaining power makes the sacrificial and ethical order effective.