Vamana Purana — Sukeshi's Inquiry into Dharma, Shloka 54

Sukeshi’s Inquiry into Dharma: The Seven Dvipas and the Twenty-One Hells

Devanagari script

ततो ऽन्धको मारुतचन्द्रभास्करान् साध्यान् सरुद्राश्विवसून् महोरगान् यान् याञ्शरेण स्पृशते पराक्रमी पराङ्मुखांस्तान्कृतवान् रणाजिरात्

Transliteration

tato 'ndhako mārutacandrabhāskarān sādhyān sarudrāśvivasūn mahoragān yān yāñśareṇa spṛśate parākramī parāṅmukhāṃstānkṛtavān raṇājirāt

Translation

于是，勇猛的安陀迦以箭矢所触及者，皆令其背转而退离战场：风神（摩鲁多）、月神、日神、诸萨陀耶，并诸鲁陀罗、阿湿毗尼、婆苏以及大蛇众。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then, thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / temporal setting
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of sequence: 'thereupon/then'

• andhakaḥ: Andhaka (the asura)
• andhakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: andhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• māruta-candra-bhāskarān: the Maruts, the Moon, and the Sun
• māruta-candra-bhāskarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māruta + candra + bhāskara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); Dvandva (समाहार/इतरेतर) listing: Maruts, Moon, Sun

• sādhyān: the Sādhyas
• sādhyān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sādhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• sa-rudra-aśvi-vasūn: the Rudras, Aśvins, and Vasus (together)
• sa-rudra-aśvi-vasūn: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sa + rudra + aśvin + vasu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); Dvandva list with 'sa-' (सह) = 'together with': Rudras, Aśvins, Vasus

• mahā-uragān: great serpents
• mahā-uragān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā + uraga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); Karmadhāraya: 'great serpents'

• yān: whom/which (those)
• yān: Karma (कर्म) (relative pronoun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• yān: whom (each of those)
• yān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); repetition for emphasis/distribution

• śareṇa: with an arrow
• śareṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Singular (एकवचन)

• spṛśate: touches/strikes
• spṛśate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: spṛś (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• parākramī: the mighty/valiant one
• parākramī: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parākrama + in (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying 'andhakaḥ'

• parāṅmukhān: turned away, fleeing
• parāṅmukhān: Karma (कर्म) (object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parāṅmukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); Karmadhāraya: 'turned away/back-facing'

• tān: those
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kṛtavān: made/drove (them)
• kṛtavān: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: past active participle (क्तवतुँ/ktavatu), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); used as finite-like predicate with implied 'abhavat'

• raṇa-ajirāt: from the battlefield
• raṇa-ajirāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa + ajira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Ablative (पञ्चमी/5), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa: 'battle-court/field' = battlefield

Speakers

• Not explicit in the provided excerpt (embedded narration; likely Pulastya → Nārada framework)

Primary Deities

• Vāyu (Māruta)
• Candra
• Sūrya (Bhāskara)
• Sādhyas
• Rudras
• Aśvins
• Vasus
• Nāgas (Mahoragas)
• Andhaka

Key Themes

• Daitya-Deva Conflict
• Cosmic hierarchy in battle lists
• Martial prowess (archery)
• Temporary ascendancy of adharma

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic battle catalogues teach that worldly or even celestial status does not guarantee steadfastness under force; endurance is ultimately grounded in dharma rather than mere rank or power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

Vamśānucarita: conflict episodes involving divine classes (gaṇas) and Daitya leaders, serving as moral-historical exempla within lineage-based narration.

What is the symbolic significance?

The routing of wind, moon, sun, and deity-classes dramatizes a ‘cosmic eclipse’ motif: when adharma surges, even luminaries and life-sustaining forces appear to withdraw—anticipating a rebalancing by the supreme divine principle.