Vamana Purana — Shukra's Samjivani, Shloka 35

Shukra’s Saṃjīvanī, Shiva’s Containment of the Asuras, and Indra’s Recovery of Power

Devanagari script

आदित्यान् वसवो रुद्रान् विश्वेदेवान् गणांस्तथा यक्षान् किंपुरुषाद्यादीन् गन्धर्वाप्सरसां गणान्

Transliteration

ādityān vasavo rudrān viśvedevān gaṇāṃstathā yakṣān kiṃpuruṣādyādīn gandharvāpsarasāṃ gaṇān

Translation

他又见阿底提耶众（Ādityas）、婆苏众（Vasus）、鲁陀罗众（Rudras）、毗湿毗提婆众（Viśvedevas），以及诸天随从之众；并见夜叉（Yakṣas）、金普鲁沙（Kiṃpuruṣas）等类众生，及乾闼婆（Gandharvas）与阿普萨拉（Apsarases）之群。

Speakers

• Narrator (Purāṇic voice) continuing the description of the seer’s vision.

Primary Deities

• Shiva
• Adityas
• Vasus
• Rudras
• Vishvedevas

Key Themes

• Purāṇic cosmological taxonomy
• Divine hosts and intermediary beings
• Śaiva cosmology (Rudras, gaṇas) within a universal vision

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

Are these lists meant as literal ‘inhabitants’ seen in a vision, or symbolic categories?

Purāṇas use both registers. The vision is narrated as literal perception, but the enumeration functions symbolically to assert that every stratum of the cosmos—Vedic deity-classes, Śaiva hosts, and liminal beings—exists within the divine totality.

What is the significance of mentioning Rudras and gaṇas together?

It aligns the cosmic order with Śaiva hierarchy: Rudras represent a high divine class, while gaṇas are attendant hosts. Their joint mention underscores Śiva’s sovereignty across both exalted and retinue levels of divinity.

Who are Kiṃpuruṣas in Purāṇic cosmology?

Kiṃpuruṣas are semi-divine, often ‘marvelous’ beings associated with distant regions and liminal realms. In lists like this they mark the inclusion of extraordinary, non-human categories within the cosmic inventory.