Verse 13

Kaivalya

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स्वप्ने स जीवः सुखदुःखभोक्ता स्वमायया कल्पितजीवलोके ।

सुषुप्तिकाले सकले विलीने तमोऽभिभूतः सुखरूपमेति ॥१३॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

स्वप्ने । सः । जीवः । सुख-दुःख-भोक्ता । स्व-मायया । कल्पित-जीव-लोके ।

सुषुप्ति-काले । सकले । विलीने । तमः-अभिभूतः । सुख-रूपम् । एति ।

IAST Transliteration

svapne sa jīvaḥ sukha-duḥkha-bhoktā sva-māyayā kalpita-jīva-loke |

suṣupti-kāle sakale vilīne tamo'bhibhūtaḥ sukha-rūpam eti ||13||

Translation

在梦中，此个体我（jīva）于自身幻力（māyā）所构想的众生世界中受用乐与苦。于深睡之时，万有尽融，复为昏暗之性（tamas）所覆，遂入其相为安乐之境。

Academic Translation

In dream, that individual self is an experiencer of pleasure and pain in the world of living beings projected by its own māyā. In the time of deep sleep, when everything has dissolved, overpowered by darkness (tamas), it attains a state whose form is happiness.

Verse Context

• Jīva, māyā, the three states (avasthā-traya), suṣupti and ānanda
• Mahavakya: Supports the discernment leading to ‘ayam ātmā brahma’ by contrasting changing states of the jīva with the underlying Self; also aligns with ‘prajñānam brahma’ insofar as consciousness is the constant witness across states.
• Atharva
• Atharva-veda (Kaivalya Upaniṣad; traditionally associated with Śaunaka tradition) Shakha
• Chandas: Mixed/Upaniṣadic verse (not strictly classifiable as a single classical chandas across all pādas)