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Sama Veda — Pūrvārcika, Mantra 1

Indra’s swift, bull-like approach to the Soma-seat and his sure hearing of the stotra

Rishi: Unspecified in input
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Unspecified in input
Devanagari Script

सत्यमित्था वृषेदसि वृषजूतिर्नो ऽविता वृषा ह्युग्र शृण्विषे परावति वृषो अर्वावति श्रुतः

Samhita Patha

satyamitthā vṛṣedasi vṛṣajūtirno 'vitā vṛṣā hyugra śṛṇviṣe parāvati vṛṣo arvāvati śrutaḥ

Transliteration

satyám ítthā vṛ́ṣedasi vṛ́ṣa-jūtir no ’vitā́ vṛ́ṣā hí ugrá śṛṇvíṣe parā́vati vṛ́ṣo arvā́vati śrutáḥ

Translation

真实如此，你以雄力而临近；你光焰般的援护，是我们的守护者。因为你这凶猛的公牛，听闻我们的颂歌——以“能听”而著名：自远方，亦自近处。

Pada Patha (Word Analysis)

satyam | itthā | vṛṣa | edasi | vṛṣa-jūtiḥ | naḥ | avitā | vṛṣā | hi | ugra | śṛṇviṣe | parā-vati | vṛṣaḥ | arvā-vati | śrutaḥ

Word by Word
सत्यम्truth; truly
सत्यम्:
कर्म (आहूत/उक्त-वस्तु; ‘सत्यं’ इति) अथवा विशेषणरूपेण विधेय
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक) < सत् (√अस् ‘to be’) + -य
इत्थाthus; in this manner
इत्था:
(क्रियाविशेषण) प्रकार/रीति
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
वृषेO Bull (mighty one; Indra)
वृषे:
सम्बोधन (आह्वान)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
दसिyou are mighty / you display power
दसि:
क्रिया (सम्बोधितस्य कर्तृक)
TypeVerb
Root√दं/दस् (दंस्) ‘to show power / be strong / do mighty deeds’ (वैदिक)
वृषजूतिःbull-impelled; of strong impulse
वृषजूतिः:
कर्तृ (अविता इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृष- (प्रातिपदिक) + जूति (प्रातिपदिक ‘impulse/drive/speed’)
नःof us; our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (अविता—‘our’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
अविताprotector
अविता:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअवितृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √अव् ‘to protect’ + तृ
वृषाbull-like; mighty
वृषा:
कर्तृ (अविता इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृषन्/वृष (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor; indeed
हि:
(सम्बन्ध/हेतु-प्रदर्शन) निपात
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
उग्रO fierce one
उग्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
शृण्विषेyou listen; you hear
शृण्विषे:
क्रिया (सम्बोधितस्य कर्तृक)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु ‘to hear’
परावतिin the far distance
परावति:
अधिकारण (देश/स्थान)
TypeNoun (locative used adverbially)
Rootपरावत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘far away’)
वृषःthe Bull; the mighty one
वृषः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्वावतिon this side; near us
अर्वावति:
अधिकारण (देश/स्थान)
TypeNoun (locative used adverbially)
Rootअर्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘near/this side; towards us’)
श्रुतःheard; renowned
श्रुतः:
कर्तृ (वृषः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) / विधेय
TypeParticiple
Root√श्रु ‘to hear’ (कृदन्त: भूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि क्त)
Sāman Melody Name

Aindra (generic); specific gāna-name not stated in input

Vocal Structure

{ "prastava": "o~ (soft, establishing the ‘truth’ mood)", "udgitha": "satyam itthā vṛṣedasi … (main approach/protection statement)", "pratihara": "ho i~ (response emphasizing ‘hearing’)", "upadrava": "… śṛṇviṣe parāvati … arvāvati (far/near mirrored section)", "nidhana": "ā~ (gentle closure on ‘śrutaḥ’ sense)", "structure_notes": "Keep ‘parāvati’ and ‘arvāvati’ as parallel musical units to embody the semantic pairing.", "singer_assignments": "Standard five-part distribution among prastotṛ/udgātṛ/pratihartṛ and chorus." }

Sāyaṇa Commentary

{ "gloss_summary": "edasi = Indra comes to the Soma-seat upon invocation; śṛṇviṣe = he hears the stotra and accepts it; parāvati/arvāvati = whether distant or near, Indra is accessible to the rite.", "ritual_interpretation": "Assurance of arrival and hearing—supports the efficacy of the stotra at the Soma service.", "theological_insight": "Indra’s defining grace is responsiveness to sacred sound; distance is no barrier to a properly performed stotra.", "etymology_highlights": "avitā (√av ‘to protect’); śṛṇviṣe (√śru ‘to hear’); ugra (fierce, powerful)." }

Ritual Application
Academic Analysis
Symbolic Meaning
Musical Layer
Rigveda Source
Soma Ritual Context
Rishi Connection
Devata Aspects
Chandas Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Sandhi Notes
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