Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 39, Shloka 29

वानरसेनामिलनम् / The Mustering of the Vanara Hosts

Devanagari script

ततः कोटिसहस्राणां सहस्रेण शतेन च।पृष्ठतोऽनुगतः प्राप्तो हरिभिर्गन्धमादनः।।4.39.29।।

Transliteration

tataḥ koṭisahasrāṇāṃ sahasreṇa śatena ca | pṛṣṭhato 'nugataḥ prāpto haribhir gandhamādanaḥ || 4.39.29 ||

Translation

随后，甘达摩陀那到来，身后随从无量婆那罗战士之众：以千俱胝计，又复以千与百相加。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अनुक्रमवाचकः

• कोटिसहस्राणाम्: of (the) thousand crores
• कोटिसहस्राणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोटि-सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे षष्ठी बहुवचनम्; Genitive plural; संख्यासमासः (dvigu)

• सहस्रेण: with a thousand
• सहस्रेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम्; Instrumental singular

• शतेन: with a hundred
• शतेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया एकवचनम्; Instrumental singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयार्थकः

• पृष्ठतः: from behind/behind
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतः (अव्यय; पृष्ठ+तस्)
• Form: अव्ययम्; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त; देशवाचक-अव्ययम् (from behind/behind)

• अनुगतः: having followed
• अनुगतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनु-गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; Nominative singular; (having followed)

• प्राप्तः: arrived
• प्राप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; Nominative singular

• हरिभिः: with vanaras/monkeys
• हरिभिः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया बहुवचनम्; Instrumental plural

• गन्धमादनः: Gandhamadana
• गन्धमादनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धमादन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्; Nominative singular; नाम

Context

Then came Gandhamadana with a hundred thousand crore of vanaras following him.

Characters & Entities

• Gandhamādana
• Hari (vānara-s)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as faithful service to a righteous mission: the vānara hosts assemble in disciplined support of their leader’s command, reflecting duty, loyalty, and readiness to act for a just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva’s forces are being marshalled; prominent vānara leaders arrive one after another with vast troops as the search-and-rescue mission for Sītā is organized.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective loyalty and steadfast followership—Gandhamādana’s arrival “followed from behind” underscores organized solidarity and commitment.