Shloka 41

किष्किन्धाप्रवेशः—लक्ष्मणस्य कोपः, तारासान्त्वम्, सुग्रीवदर्शनम्

Lakshmana Enters Kishkindha: Anger, Tara’s Mediation, and Sugriva Encountered

Devanagari script

किं कोपमूलं मनुजेन्द्रपुत्रकस्ते न सन्तिष्ठति वाङ्निदेशे।क श्शुष्कवृक्षं वनमापतन्तंदवाग्निमासीदति निर्विशङ्कः।।।।

Transliteration

kiṃ kopamūlaṃ manujendra-putrakas te na santiṣṭhati vāṅ-nideśe | kaḥ śuṣka-vṛkṣaṃ vanam āpatantaṃ davāgnim āsīdati nirviśaṅkaḥ ||

Translation

王子啊，这怒意的根由是什么——是谁未能遵从你口中的命令？又有谁能毫无畏惧，去逼近那扑向枯林的山火？

Word by Word

• किम्: why/what
• किम्: Prayojana/Hetu (प्रयोजन/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā (contextually interrogative), Ekavacana; used adverbially (why/what)

• कोपमूलम्: cause of anger
• कोपमूलम्: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोप (प्रातिपदिक) + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: kopasya mūlam (cause of anger)

• मनुजेन्द्रपुत्रकः: O prince
• मनुजेन्द्रपुत्रकः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + पुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana vibhakti (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: manujānām indrasya putrakaḥ (O son of the lord among men)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha/Ṣaṣṭhī (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी) or Genitive (6th/षष्ठी) singular; here Genitive: 'of you/your' with वाङ्निदेशे

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (निषेध-निपात, negation)

• सन्तिष्ठति: stands/abides
• सन्तिष्ठति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्था (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, present), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada; with prefix सम् (sam-)

• वाक्-निदेशे: in (your) command
• वाक्-निदेशे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक् (प्रातिपदिक) + निदेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: vācaḥ nideśaḥ (verbal command)

• कः: who
• कः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana (interrogative)

• शुष्कवृक्षम्: a dry tree
• शुष्कवृक्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुष्क (प्रातिपदिक) + वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya: śuṣkaḥ vṛkṣaḥ (dry tree/wood)

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• आपतन्तम्: falling upon/advancing
• आपतन्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-√पत् (धातु)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (present participle/शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying दवाग्निम् (or implied)

• दवाग्निम्: forest fire
• दवाग्निम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दव (प्रातिपदिक) + अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: davaḥ agniḥ (forest-fire)

• आसीदति: approaches/attacks
• आसीदति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√सद् (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• निर्विशङ्कः: fearless
• निर्विशङ्कः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निः (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + विशङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Avyayībhāva: nir + viśaṅka (without fear)

Context

'O noble prince! what is the cause of your anger? Who has disrespected your command? Who can approach without fear forest fire rushing towards a thicket of dried pieces of wood?'

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect for rightful authority and satya (truth/keeping one’s word): Tārā implies that disobedience to a just command invites consequences, like approaching a forest fire.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā opens mediation by asking Lakṣmaṇa why he is enraged and who has violated his directive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courageous candor and rhetorical skill—Tārā speaks plainly while still aiming to calm.