Shloka 18

हनूमत्संवादः / Hanuman’s Diplomatic Approach to Rama and Lakshmana

Devanagari script

महाप्रमाणौ विस्तीर्णौ तप्तहाटकभूषितौ।।खडगावेतौ विराजेते निर्मुक्ताविवपन्नगौ।।

Transliteration

mahāpramāṇau vistīrṇau taptahāṭakabhūṣitau ||

khaḍgāv etau virājete nirmuktāv iva pannagau ||

Translation

这两柄宝剑——尺度宏大，宽阔而修长，以炽亮精金为饰——光耀如新脱旧蜕的蛇。

Word by Word

• sampūrṇāḥ: completely filled
• sampūrṇāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-√pṝ (धातु) + -ṇa (कृदन्त; PPP)
• Form: Kṛdanta (PPP/क्त) 'sampūrṇa'; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with stūṇāḥ

• niśitaiḥ: sharp
• niśitaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; agrees with bāṇaiḥ

• bāṇaiḥ: with arrows
• bāṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana

• stūṇāḥ: quivers
• stūṇāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: stūṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction

• śubha-darśanāḥ: beautiful to look at
• śubha-darśanāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: śubhaṃ darśanaṃ yāsām (beautiful in appearance); Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with stūṇāḥ

• jīvita-anta-karaiḥ: life-ending
• jīvita-anta-karaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: jīvita (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक) + kara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: jīvitāntam kurvanti (bringing life to an end); Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; agrees with pannagaiḥ (upamāna) or with implied bāṇaiḥ

• ghoraiḥ: terrible
• ghoraiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana

• śvasadbhiḥ: hissing/breathing
• śvasadbhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjectival/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √śvas (धातु) + -at (कृदन्त; present participle)
• Form: Kṛdanta (Śatṛ/शतृ present participle): śvasat; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana

• iva: like
• iva: Upamāna-marker (Simile marker/उपमान-सूचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, simile particle

• pannagaiḥ: by/like snakes
• pannagaiḥ: Upamāna (Standard of comparison/उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pannaga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; upamāna in instrumental (तृतीया-उपमा)

Context

'(Your) long and broad swords appear very huge in size. Being encrusted with pure gold, they glitter brilliant like snakes in hyberation.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• khaḍga (swords)
• pannaga (serpents)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is served by preparedness and rightful authority: the splendor of weapons signifies not vanity but fitness to uphold justice when peaceful means fail.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān continues his appraisal, using vivid similes to convey the princes’ formidable martial presence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tejas with discipline—radiant capability that suggests noble purpose rather than aggression.