Shloka 66

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

यथोक्तमेतत्तव सर्वमीप्सितंनरेन्द्र कर्ता नचिराद्धरीश्वरः।शरत्प्रतीक्षः क्षमतामिमं भवान्जलप्रपातं रिपुनिग्रहे धृतः।।

Transliteration

yathoktam etat tava sarvam īpsitaṁ narendra kartā na cirād dharīśvaraḥ | śarat-pratīkṣaḥ kṣamatām imaṁ bhavān jala-prapātaṁ ripu-nigrahe dhṛtaḥ ||

Translation

正如你所言，国王啊，群猴之主不久便会成就你所愿的一切。且待秋至，忍受这倾盆雨季，坚守降伏仇敌的决心。

Word by Word

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, comparative/quotative adverb (यथार्थक)

• uktam: said
• uktam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (predicate qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vac (धातु) + kta (क्त) / ukta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta, past participle (क्त) from √vac; Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; here as predicate: 'said'

• etat: this
• etat: Karta (कर्ता) (subject of implied 'asti')
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• tava: your
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) (genitive to īpsitam)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (प्रातिपदिक) (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī (6th), Ekavacana

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of subject/object as per construction)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with etat/īpsitam: 'all'

• īpsitam: desired
• īpsitam: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āp (धातु) / īps (desiderative stem) + kta (क्त) / īpsita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta, past participle (क्त) from desiderative īps- (ईप्स्) 'to desire'; Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; 'desired'

• narendra: O king of men
• narendra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative), Ekavacana

• kartā: will be the doer
• kartā: Karta (कर्ता) (predicate: doer)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛ (धातु) + tṛ (तृ) / kartṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta (agent noun), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; predicate noun for dharīśvaraḥ

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, negation used idiomatically with cirāt: 'not long (i.e., soon)'

• cirāt: after long (time)
• cirāt: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण) (time adverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: cira (प्रातिपदिक) (used adverbially)
• Form: Ablatival adverb (तसिल्-अर्थ), 'after long time/long'; with na = 'soon'

• dharīśvaraḥ: the monkey-lord
• dharīśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (subject of implied 'bhaviṣyati' with kartā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhari (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; 'lord of monkeys' (Sugriva)

• śarat-pratīkṣaḥ: waiting for autumn
• śarat-pratīkṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of bhavān)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śarat (प्रातिपदिक) + pratīkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; vocative-sense qualifier of bhavān: 'waiting for autumn'

• kṣamatām: please endure
• kṣamatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣam (धातु) (√kṣam/क्षम् 'to endure')
• Form: Tinganta, Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd), Ekavacana, Ātmanepada

• imam: this
• imam: Karma (कर्म) (object of kṣamatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक) (सर्वनाम)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; agrees with jalaprapātam

• bhavān: you (sir)
• bhavān: Karta (कर्ता) (subject of kṣamatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक) (सर्वनाम/भवद्)
• Form: Honorific pronoun; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• jala-prapātam: the downpour/flow of water
• jala-prapātam: Karma (कर्म) (object of kṣamatām)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक) + prapāta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• ripu-nigrahe: in the subjugation of the enemy
• ripu-nigrahe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण) (locative: 'in/for enemy-subjugation')
• Type: Noun
• Root: ripu (प्रातिपदिक) + nigraha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (7th/सप्तमी), Ekavacana

• dhṛtaḥ: steadfast
• dhṛtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त) / dhṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Kṛdanta, past participle (क्त) from √dhṛ (धृ); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate/qualifier of bhavān: 'steadfast/held firm'

Context

'O Rama! come Autumn, Sugriva will soon do all that you desire. Bear with the rains. Stay steadfast (in your determination) to destroy the enemy.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē kiṣkiṅdhākāṇḍē aṣṭāviṅśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the twentyeighth sarga of Kishkindakanda of the Holy Ramayana, the first epic, composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Lakshmana
• Rama
• Sugriva
• autumn (śarat)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma involves endurance and steadiness: one must bear hardship without abandoning righteous purpose, acting in harmony with time and season.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakshmana supports Rama’s plan to wait until autumn; he expresses confidence that Sugriva will fulfill his promise and urges Rama to endure the rains.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dhṛti (fortitude): Lakshmana highlights steadfast resolve amid delay and adverse weather.