Shloka 12

ताराविलापः

Tara’s Lament over Vāli

Devanagari script

निश्श्रेयसपरा मोहात्त्वया चाहं विगर्हिता।यैषाऽब्रुवं हितं वाक्यं वानरेन्द्र हितैषिणी4.20.12।।

Transliteration

niśśreyasaparā mohāt tvayā cāhaṃ vigarhitā | yaiṣā 'bruvaṃ hitaṃ vākyaṃ vānarendra hitaiṣiṇī ||

Translation

为求你的真正福祉，猿王啊，我以善意说出有益之言；你却因迷惑而加以轻蔑，反来责我。

Word by Word

• निश्श्रेयसपरा: intent on your welfare
• निश्श्रेयसपरा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निःश्रेयस-पर (प्रातिपदिक; components: निःश्रेयस + पर)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष ('devoted to welfare') qualifying अहम्

• मोहात्: from delusion
• मोहात्: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (cause)

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karma (कर्म/Patient in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विगर्हिता: was reproached
• विगर्हिता: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि+गर्हित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √गर्ह् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; PPP, कर्मणि ('was censured')

• या: who
• या: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative) referring to speaker

• एषा: this (woman)
• एषा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देश (demonstrative)

• अब्रुवम्: I said/spoke
• अब्रुवम्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• हितम्: beneficial
• हितम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण qualifying वाक्यम्

• वाक्यम्: speech/words
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वानरेन्द्र: O king of monkeys
• वानरेन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: वानर + इन्द्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष ('king of monkeys')

• हितैषिणी: a well-wisher
• हितैषिणी: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हित-एषिणी (प्रातिपदिक; components: हित + एषिणी)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष ('seeking welfare') appositive to अहम्/या

Context

'O lord of monkeys! wishing your well-being I tendered salutary advice. But out of delusion you despised them.

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Heeding wise counsel is part of righteous rule: rejecting truthful, welfare-seeking advice out of delusion leads to moral and practical ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā recalls that she had advised Vāli for his benefit, but he dismissed her words—now lamenting the outcome.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Tārā’s benevolence and commitment to truthful counsel (satya-hita-vākya).