Shloka 5

द्वितीयः सर्गः (Sarga 2): Sugriva’s Alarm and Hanuman’s Commission

Devanagari script

ततस्स सचिवेभ्यस्तु सुग्रीवः प्लवगाधिपः।शशंस परमोद्विग्नः पश्यंस्तौ रामलक्ष्मणौ।।

Transliteration

tatas sacivebhyas tu sugrīvaḥ plavagādhipaḥ | śaśaṃsa paramodvignaḥ paśyaṃs tau rāmalakṣmaṇau ||

Translation

随后，猴王苏格里瓦看着罗摩和罗什曼那，心中极度苦恼，便对他的大臣们说道。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (कालवाचक)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• sacivebhyaḥ: to the ministers
• sacivebhyaḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saciva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; particle

• sugrīvaḥ: Sugriva
• sugrīvaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• plavagādhipaḥ: lord of monkeys
• plavagādhipaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaga (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रthama), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'plavagānām adhipaḥ'

• śaśaṃsa: told, declared
• śaśaṃsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śaṃs (शंस्) (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• parama-udvignaḥ: extremely agitated
• parama-udvignaḥ: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + udvigna (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying sugrīvaḥ

• paśyan: seeing
• paśyan: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्) (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying sugrīvaḥ

• tau: those two
• tau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual (द्विवचन)

• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Rama and Lakshmana
• rāma-lakṣmaṇau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक) + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual (द्विवचन)

Context

'O best of monkeys! find out whether they are noble in their intentions or evil in their design through your conversation with them.'

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Responsible leadership: a ruler shares concerns with counsel rather than acting alone in panic.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva addresses his ministers after seeing the two princes, preparing to decide how to respond.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Consultative leadership and caution (mantra/vicāra).