Shloka 11

किष्किन्धायां सुग्रीवस्य नादः

Sugriva’s War-Cry at Kishkindha

Devanagari script

मम दर्शय सुग्रीव वैरिणं भ्रातृरूपिणम्।वाली विनिहतो यावद्वने पांसुषु वेष्टते4.14.11।।

Transliteration

mama darśaya sugrīva vairiṇaṃ bhrātṛ-rūpiṇam | vālī vinihato yāvad vane pāṃsuṣu veṣṭate ||

Translation

须伽利婆，指给我看那披着兄弟外衣的仇敌——婆利；待我将其击倒，他必在林中尘土里翻滚。

Word by Word

• मम: to me
• मम: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (genitive), एकवचन; ‘my/to me’ (contextually dative sense)

• दर्शय: show
• दर्शय: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; causative sense ‘make (me) see/show’

• सुग्रीव: O Sugriva
• सुग्रीव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• वैरिणम्: the enemy
• वैरिणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैरिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन

• भ्रातृ-रूपिणम्: in the guise of a brother
• भ्रातृ-रूपिणम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक) + रूपिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भ्रातुः रूपी = having the form of a brother)

• वाली: Vali
• वाली: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विनिहतः: slain
• विनिहतः: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि√हन् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘slain’

• यावत्: until
• यावत्: Kāla-sambandha (कालसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यावत् (अव्यय/सम्बन्ध)
• Form: अवधि/पर्यन्तवाचक-अव्यय (until/as long as)

• वने: in the forest
• वने: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• पांसुषु: in the dust
• पांसुषु: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पांसु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), बहुवचन

• वेष्टते: writhes/rolls about
• वेष्टते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वेष्ट् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

'O Sugriva! show me your enemy,who is in the guise of your brother.He will be killed. He will roll down in the dust of the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes moral discernment: kinship in appearance is not the same as righteous conduct; wrongdoing can make even a ‘brother’ function as an enemy.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma instructs Sugrīva to identify Vāli clearly so Rāma can strike decisively at the right target.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity joined with firmness: Rāma emphasizes correct identification and decisive action against injustice.