Shloka 61

दुन्दुभिवधप्रसङ्गः

The Dundubhi Episode and the Proof of Rama’s Prowess

Devanagari script

ततस्ते कारणं सर्वं तदा शापं च वालिनः।शशंसुर्वानरास्सर्वे वालिने हेममालिने4.11.61।।

Transliteration

tatas te kāraṇaṃ sarvaṃ tadā śāpaṃ ca vālinaḥ | śaśaṃsur vānarāḥ sarve vāline hemamāline || 4.11.61 ||

Translation

于是众猴向瓦利——佩戴金色花环者——详尽禀告一切缘由，并陈述那针对他的诅咒。

Word by Word

• etat: this/all this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; object of śrutvā

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Time adverb

• vālī: Vali
• vālī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vālin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vacanam: words/speech
• vacanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• vānara-īritam: spoken by the monkeys
• vānara-īritam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक) + īrita (ईरित, कृदन्त)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa ‘vānaraiḥ īritam’; Kta-participle, Neuter, Accusative, Singular; agrees with vacanam

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• maharṣim: great sage
• maharṣim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maharṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Time adverb

• āsādya: having approached
• āsādya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ā-sad (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (ल्यप्), ‘having approached’

• yācate: begs/requests
• yācate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yāc (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada

• sma: indeed/used to
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle indicating past habitual/continuative with present (स्म-निपात)

• kṛtāñjaliḥ: with folded hands
• kṛtāñjaliḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृदन्त) + añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘kṛtaḥ añjaliḥ yena’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; predicate/attribute of saḥ

Context

'Then all the monkeys collected together and narrated everything about the curse given to Vali , adorned with a golden chain(on his neck).

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• vānarāḥ (monkeys)
• Matanga (implied via curse context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya in communication: the group reports the matter fully—cause and consequence—so that leadership decisions rest on truth rather than rumor.

What is the narrative situation?

The monkeys explain to Vali the entire background and the specific curse connected to him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Honest reporting and collective responsibility—speaking plainly to authority so that dharmic order can be maintained.