Shloka 92
पम्पा
तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka
Devanagari script
आह्वयन्त इवान्योन्यं नगाष्षट्पदनादिताः।कुसुमोत्तंसविटपाश्शोभन्ते बहु लक्ष्मण।।।।
Transliteration
āhvayanta ivānyonyaṃ nagāḥ ṣaṭpadanāditāḥ |
kusumottaṃsaviṭapāḥ śobhante bahu lakṣmaṇa ||
Translation
噢，罗什曼那！群树因蜂鸣而回响，光彩照人；枝梢簪满花冠，仿佛彼此呼唤。
Word by Word
आह्वयन्तःcalling
आह्वयन्तः:
Karta (कर्ता; participial predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-ह्वे (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; agrees with नगाः
इवas if
इव:
N/A (Avyaya)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; comparison
अन्योन्यम्one another
अन्योन्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object of calling)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्योन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; reciprocal pronoun used adverbially
नगाःtrees
नगाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
षट्पद-नादिताःresounding with bees’ hum
षट्पद-नादिताः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootषट्पद (प्रातिपदिक) + नादित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (क्त/PPP) from नादय्/नद् ‘to sound’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (षट्पदानां नादिताः = sounded by bees)
कुसुम-उत्तंस-विटपाःtrees/branches crowned with flowers
कुसुम-उत्तंस-विटपाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to नगाः)
TypeNoun
Rootकुसुम (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तंस (प्रातिपदिक) + विटप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (कुसुमैः उत्तंसः यस्य सः—here used as ‘flower-crowned branches/trees’)
शोभन्तेshine, look splendid
शोभन्ते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootशुभ् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
बहुgreatly, much
बहु:
N/A (Avyaya)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहु (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; adverb (degree)
लक्ष्मणO Lakshmana
लक्ष्मण:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootलक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
Context
'The trees, crowned with flowers filled with humming bees, look splendid. It appears they are calling one another, O Lakshmana !
Characters & Entities
L
LakṣmaṇaFAQs
Harmony in nature models dharma as mutual order and responsiveness; righteous life likewise “answers” and supports others rather than harming.
Rāma poetically describes the spring forest sounds and sights to Lakṣmaṇa during their Kishkindhā wanderings.
Sensitivity (sauhārda) and refined perception, paired with inner discipline.