Shloka 37

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

शिखिनीभिः परिवृतास्ते एते मदमूर्छिताः।मन्मथाभिपरीतस्य मम मन्मथवर्धनाः।।।।

Transliteration

śikhinībhiḥ parivṛtās te ete mada-mūrchitāḥ |

manmathābhiparītasya mama manmatha-vardhanāḥ ||

Translation

被雌孔雀环绕的这些孔雀，因情欲而沉醉；对我这早已为爱所困的人而言，它们只会更添相思与渴慕。

Word by Word

• śikhinībhiḥ: by peahens
• śikhinībhiḥ: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śikhinī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (plural/बहुवचन)

• parivṛtāḥ: surrounded
• parivṛtāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pari-√vṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past passive participle (क्त-प्रत्यय), Puṃliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/प्रथमा), Bahuvacana (plural/बहुवचन)

• te: those
• te: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (pronoun/सर्वनाम), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative), Bahuvacana

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (pronoun), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nominative), Bahuvacana

• mada-mūrchitāḥ: intoxicated (with rut/passion)
• mada-mūrchitāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mada (प्रातिपदिक) + mūrchita (√mūrch, धातु + kta)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound; kṛdanta adjective (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; sense: 'intoxicated due to mada (rut/passion)'

• manmatha-abhiparītasya: of me, overcome by love
• manmatha-abhiparītasya: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manmatha (प्रातिपदिक) + abhi-√parī (धातु) + kta/ktavatu-artha (past participial sense)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Genitive (Ṣaṣṭhī/षष्ठी) Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन), Puṃliṅga/napuṃsaka-contextual (agreeing with 'mama' as possessor: 'of me who is...'); meaning: 'of (one) overcome/possessed by love'

• mama: of me / to me
• mama: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/षष्ठी), Ekavacana

• manmatha-vardhanāḥ: increasing love
• manmatha-vardhanāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manmatha (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; adjective qualifying 'te ete'

Context

'The peacocks intoxicated with passion for the peahens surround them intensifying my longing (for Vaidehi).

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• peacocks
• Manmatha (as concept/deity of love, implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here involves mastery over desire: Rāma recognizes stimuli that intensify longing, yet his longing remains directed toward his rightful spouse, not toward unrighteous gratification.

What is the narrative situation?

Observing mating play among peacocks and peahens in spring, Rāma confides that such scenes sharpen his separation-pain for Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-awareness: he identifies how sense-objects affect the mind, a prerequisite for disciplined, dharmic action.