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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 73, Shloka 38

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

Devanagari script

दिव्यदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैर्गीतवादित्रनिस्वनै:।।।।ननृतुश्चाप्सरस्सङ्घा गन्धर्वाश्च जगु: कलम्।विवाहे रघुमुख्यानां तदद्भुतमदृश्यत।।।।

Transliteration

divyadundubhinirghoṣair gītavāditranisvanaiḥ | nanṛtuś cāpsarassaṅghā gandharvāś ca jaguḥ kalam | vivāhe raghumukhyānāṁ tad adbhutam adṛśyata ||

Translation

在天鼓轰鸣、歌声与乐器回响之间，众阿普萨拉起舞，乾闼婆以清妙之音歌唱。于罗睺族诸贤之婚礼上，显现出奇妙非凡的景象。

Word by Word
दिव्यदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैःwith the sounds of celestial drums
दिव्यदुन्दुभिनिर्घोषैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्य + दुन्दुभि + निर्घोष (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
Formतत्पुरुष (दिव्यस्य दुन्दुभेः निर्घोषैः / दिव्य-दुन्दुभि-निर्घोषैः); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
गीतवादित्रनिस्वनैःwith the sounds of songs and instruments
गीतवादित्रनिस्वनैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootगीत + वादित्र + निस्वन (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व/समुच्चयार्थ-समास (गीत-वादित्रयोः निस्वनैः); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental plural
ननृतुःdanced
ननृतुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनृत् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; 3rd person plural
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
अप्सरसःapsarases
अप्सरसः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
सङ्घाःgroups/troops
सङ्घाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसङ्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural (apposition to apsarasaḥ)
गन्धर्वाःgandharvas
गन्धर्वाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative plural
चalso
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय; conjunction
जगुःsang
जगुः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगै (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; 3rd person plural
कलम्sweetly, melodiously
कलम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootकल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular (adverbial object: ‘sweetly/melodiously’)
विवाहेat the wedding
विवाहे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootविवाह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Locative singular
रघुमुख्यानाम्of the foremost among the Raghus
रघुमुख्यानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootरघु + मुख्य (प्रातिपदिक); समासः
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (रघूणां मुख्यानाम्); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural
तत्that
तत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; here used with adbhutam as ‘that’
अद्भुतम्wonderful
अद्भुतम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (subject of passive)
अदृश्यतwas seen/appeared
अदृश्यत:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (imperfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; passive sense ‘was seen’
Context

While the bridal ceremony of the foremost of Raghus was on, the apsaras danced to the tune of songs and instrumental music. Sounds of celestial kettle-drums were heard. Gandharvas sang in mellifluous melody. It was an unearthly sight.

Characters & Entities
R
Raghu lineage (raghumukhyāḥ)
A
Apsarases
G
Gandharvas

FAQs

When dharma is upheld in a major life rite, it is depicted as generating harmony and auspiciousness—truthful, rightful action is celebrated as a cosmic good.

As the weddings proceed, celestial beings celebrate with music and dance, marking the event as extraordinary.

The worthiness of the Raghu princes—their dhārmic stature is implied by the heavenly celebration.

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