Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 69, Shloka 4

एकोनसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Daśaratha’s Departure to Videha and Marriage Arrangements

Devanagari script

वसिष्ठो वामदेवश्च जाबालिरथ काश्यप:।मार्कण्डेयश्च दीर्घायु:ऋषि: कात्यायनस्तथा।।।।एते द्विजा: प्रयान्त्वग्रे स्यन्दनं योजयस्व मे।यथा कालात्ययो न स्या द्दूता हि त्वरयन्ति माम्।।।।

Transliteration

vasiṣṭho vāmadevaś ca jābālir atha kāśyapaḥ |

mārkaṇḍeyaś ca dīrghāyuḥ ṛṣiḥ kātyāyanas tathā ||

ete dvijāḥ prayāntv agre syandanaṃ yojayasva me |

yathā kālātyayo na syād dūtā hi tvarayanti mām ||

Translation

愿这些婆罗门先行——婆悉吒、婆摩提婆、阇婆离、迦叶、长寿的摩尔坎ḍ耶，以及圣仙迦底耶那。为我套好战车，莫使时日延误；使者正催促我前行。

Word by Word

• vasiṣṭhaḥ: Vasiṣṭha
• vasiṣṭhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• vāmadevaḥ: Vāmadeva
• vāmadevaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāmadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• jābāliḥ: Jābāli
• jābāliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jābāli (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• atha: and then / also
• atha: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रम/समुच्चयार्थक (then/also)

• kāśyapaḥ: Kāśyapa
• kāśyapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāśyapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• dīrghāyuḥ: long-lived
• dīrghāyuḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīrghāyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (dīrgha + āyus); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘mārkaṇḍeyaḥ’ (or following ṛṣiḥ)

• ṛṣiḥ: sage
• ṛṣiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन; apposition

• kātyāyanaḥ: Kātyāyana
• kātyāyanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kātyāyana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• tathā: also
• tathā: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक (also/likewise)

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन

• dvijāḥ: brahmins
• dvijāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन

• prayāntu: let them go forth
• prayāntu: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-yā (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative); तृतीयपुरुष बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• agre: in front
• agre: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: agra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (ahead)

• syandanam: chariot
• syandanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: syandana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc sg)

• yojayasva: yoke / prepare
• yojayasva: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yuj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative); मध्यमपुरुष एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; causative sense ‘have yoked/prepare’

• me: for me / my
• me: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; चतुर्थी/षष्ठी एकवचन (Dat/Gen sg) — enclitic ‘me’

• yathā: so that
• yathā: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रयोजन/उपपत्त्यर्थक (so that/as)

• kālātyayaḥ: delay / passing of time
• kālātyayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक) + atyaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा एकवचन

• na: not
• na: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• syāt: may be / should occur
• syāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• dūtāḥ: messengers
• dūtāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन

• hi: indeed / for
• hi: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; हेत्वर्थक/निश्चयार्थक (indeed/for)

• tvarayanti: are hurrying
• tvarayanti: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tvar (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present); प्रथमपुरुष बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; causative/denominative sense ‘hasten (someone)’

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; द्वितीया एकवचन (Acc sg)

Context

"Let all the officers of the treasury furnished with enough wealth and a variety gems go in advance under escort.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Vasiṣṭha
• Vāmadeva
• Jābāli
• Kāśyapa
• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Kātyāyana
• messengers (dūta)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as right order: honoring spiritual authorities (brahmin sages) and acting with punctuality—time-appropriate conduct is treated as a moral obligation in royal life.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha hastens to Mithilā, sending leading sages ahead and ordering his chariot prepared, responding to Janaka’s messengers.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence for wise counsel and urgency in fulfilling obligations.