Shloka 10

शिवधनुर्न्यासकथा तथा सीतोत्पत्तिविवाहशुल्क-निश्चयः

The Bow of Śiva: Its Deposit, Sītā’s Origin, and the Prowess-Brideprice Vow

Devanagari script

यस्माद्भागार्थिनो भागान्नाकल्पयत मे सुरा:।वराङ्गाणि महार्हाणि धनुषा शातयामि व:।।1.66.10।।

Transliteration

yasmād bhāgārthino bhāgān nākalpayata me surāḥ |

varāṅgāṇi mahārhāṇi dhanuṣā śātayāmi vaḥ ||

Translation

“你们诸天明明贪求各自的份额，却不在祭祀供献中分给我应得之分；我将以此弓斩断你们珍贵而美丽的肢体！”

Word by Word

• yasmāt: because (of which)
• yasmāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (relative), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th), एकवचन; causal ‘because’

• bhāga-arthinaḥ: seeking shares
• bhāga-arthinaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāga + arthin (प्रातिपदिकौ)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (भागं अर्थयन्ति), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; qualifying surāḥ

• bhāgān: shares
• bhāgān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (negation particle)

• akalpayata: you did not allot/provide
• akalpayata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kḷp (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘you (pl.) arranged/provided’

• me: to me
• me: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (4th)/षष्ठी (6th) एकवचन; here चतुर्थी (dative) ‘to me’

• surāḥ: O gods
• surāḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे (addressed)

• varāṅgāṇi: excellent limbs
• varāṅgāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara + aṅga (प्रातिपदिकौ)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• mahārhāṇi: most precious
• mahārhāṇi: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + arhāṇa/arha (प्रातिपदिकौ)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; qualifying varāṅgāṇi

• dhanuṣā: with the bow
• dhanuṣā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dhanus (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन

• śātayāmi: I will sever
• śātayāmi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śat/śāṭ (धातु) + ṇic (णिच्)
• Form: लट् (present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; causative ‘I will cut/sever’

• vaḥ: your
• vaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th) बहुवचन; ‘of you/your’

Context

'O gods! in your anxiety to partake your share of the sacrifie, you have failed to provide mine in the sacrificial offerings. Therefore, I shall sever your jewelled heads and beautiful limbs with this bow'.

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• Devas
• Bow (dhanuḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse dramatizes dharma under strain: the claim to a rightful sacrificial share (ritual justice) is asserted, but it is entangled with anger—showing how even a legitimate grievance can become adharmic when expressed as violent threat.

What is the narrative situation?

Viśvāmitra, feeling denied his due portion in a sacrifice, confronts the gods and threatens to strike them with his bow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Intensity of resolve (tejas) is foregrounded, while also warning that unchecked wrath can distort dharma into coercion.