Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 19

दितेर्गर्भभङ्गो मरुत्प्रतिष्ठा च

Diti’s Severed Embryo and the स्थापना of the Maruts; Viśālā-nagara Lineage

Devanagari script

इहाद्य रजनीं राम सुखं वत्स्यामहे वयम्।श्व: प्रभाते नरश्रेष्ठ जनकं द्रष्टुमर्हसि।।।।

Transliteration

ihādya rajanīṃ rāma sukhaṃ vatsyāmahe vayam | śvaḥ prabhāte naraśreṣṭha janakaṃ draṣṭum arhasi ||

Translation

罗摩啊，今夜我们将在此安然歇息；明晨破晓之时，至善之人啊，你当去拜见阇那迦（Janaka）。

Word by Word

• sumatiḥ: Sumati
• sumatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• tu: however / indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• mahātejāḥ: very radiant
• mahātejāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā-tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• viśvāmitram: Viśvāmitra
• viśvāmitram: Karma (कर्म/Object of śrutvā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśvāmitra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; नाम

• upāgatam: arrived
• upāgatam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of viśvāmitram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa + ā + gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘arrived’ (qualifies viśvāmitram)

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Absolutive/Gerund), ‘having heard’

• naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ: chief of men
• naravaraśreṣṭhaḥ: Viśeṣya (विशेष्य/Apposition to sumatiḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक) + śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (‘best among excellent men’)

• pratyudgacchan: going out to استقبال (receive)
• pratyudgacchan: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati + ud + gam (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘going forth to meet’

• mahāyaśāḥ: of great renown
• mahāyaśāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of sumatiḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + yaśas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘of great fame’ (yaśas-stem nom. sg. mahāyaśāḥ)

Context

O Rama! we shall spend the right happily here. O Best among men! On the tomorrow we see Janaka".

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Viśvāmitra
• Janaka
• Vaiśālī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Maryādā (propriety) and disciplined conduct: rest at the proper time, then proceed at dawn to fulfill the next duty—meeting Janaka as arranged.

What is the narrative situation?

Having reached Vaiśālī, Viśvāmitra plans the itinerary: they will stay the night and visit King Janaka the next morning.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-regulation and readiness for duty—Rāma is addressed as ‘best of men’ in the context of doing what is proper at the proper time.