Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 31

विशालानगरीप्रवेशः

Entry toward Viśālā and the Indra–Kṣīrodamathana Legend

Devanagari script

अथ वर्षसहस्रेण सदण्डस्सकमण्डलु:।पूर्वं धन्वन्तरिर्नाम अप्सराश्च सुवर्चस:।।।।

Transliteration

atha varṣasahasreṇa sadaṇḍaḥ sakamaṇḍaluḥ |

pūrvaṃ dhanvantarir nāma apsarāś ca suvarcasaḥ ||

Translation

于是经过千年，最先出现的是名为檀梵多利者，手持杖与水罐（甘曼陀卢）；并有光辉灿然的天女（阿普萨拉）随之而出。

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Vakya-sambandha (वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: कालानन्तर्ये निपातः (then/thereafter)

• वर्षसहस्रेण: after a thousand years
• वर्षसहस्रेण: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष-सहस्र (प्रातिपदिक; components: वर्ष + सहस्र)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; कालपरिमाणे (measure of time: 'after/within a thousand years')

• सदण्डः: with a staff
• सदण्डः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-दण्ड (प्रातिपदिक; components: स + दण्ड)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; धन्वन्तरिः इति विशेषणम् (having a staff)

• सकमण्डलुः: with a water-pot
• सकमण्डलुः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-कमण्डलु (प्रातिपदिक; components: स + कमण्डलु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; धन्वन्तरिः इति विशेषणम् (with a water-pot)

• पूर्वम्: first
• पूर्वम्: Kala-adhikarana (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्वम् (अव्यय; from पूर्व)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb: 'first/at the beginning')

• धन्वन्तरिः: Dhanvantari
• धन्वन्तरिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन्वन्तरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नाम: named
• नाम: Visheshana (विशेषण/Name-marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: नामार्थक-अव्ययम् (indeclinable: 'by name/namely')

• अप्सराः: apsarases
• अप्सराः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject, co-ordinate)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Samucchaya (समुच्चय/Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction: 'and')

• सुवर्चसः: radiant
• सुवर्चसः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-वर्चस् (प्रातिपदिक; components: सु + वर्चस्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अप्सराः इति विशेषणम् (of great lustre)

Context

In this way thousand years rolled by. In the beginining came out Dhanvantari holding a staff and a water pot (carried by ascetics) and apsaras of high lustre.

Characters & Entities

• Apsarases

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma teaches patience and perseverance: great results arise after long, sustained effort, and auspicious gains come in due time.

What is the narrative situation?

As the churning continues over immense time, Dhanvantari and radiant apsarases appear as early products of the process.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Endurance in a collective undertaking—continuing a rightful task without abandoning it when results are delayed.