Shloka 12

गङ्गावतरण-समापनः

Conclusion of the Descent of Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

सा त्वया समनुक्रान्ता प्रतिज्ञा पुरुषर्षभ।प्राप्तोऽसि परमं लोके यश: परमसम्मतम्।।1.44.12।।

Transliteration

sā tvayā samanukrāntā pratijñā puruṣarṣabha | prāpto ’si paramaṃ loke yaśaḥ paramasammatam || 1.44.12 ||

Translation

人中至杰啊，你已圆满践行所立之誓；在此世间，你获得了至高的声名——为众人所共许、共赞的荣耀。

Word by Word

• सा: that
• सा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• समनुक्रान्ता: has been fulfilled
• समनुक्रान्ता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अनु + √क्रम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'followed/fulfilled' (agreeing with प्रतिज्ञा)

• प्रतिज्ञा: vow/promise
• प्रतिज्ञा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• पुरुषर्षभ: O best of men
• पुरुषर्षभ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषर्षभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; समास: पुरुषेषु ऋषभः (कर्मधारय)

• प्राप्तः: obtained
• प्राप्तः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + √आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (with असि) 'obtained'

• असि: you are
• असि: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; 'you are' (auxiliary with प्राप्तः)

• परमम्: supreme
• परमम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying यशः/प्राप्तम् understood)

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• यशः: fame
• यशः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• परमसम्मतम्: highly approved/esteemed
• परमसम्मतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम + सम्मत (कृदन्त; सम् + √मन्/√मन्? 'to approve/think')
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; समास: परमं च तत् सम्मतम् (कर्मधारय)

Context

O Best among men! you have fulfilled that vow. You have achieved supreme renownand reverence in this world.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Bhagīratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast fidelity to a righteous vow (pratijñā). Keeping one’s word—especially when undertaken for the welfare of others—becomes a source of legitimate, widely respected fame.

What is the narrative situation?

After Gaṅgā’s waters reach and purify the ashes of Sagara’s sons, Brahmā appears to Bhagiratha and praises him for completing his vow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satya (truthfulness) expressed as unwavering commitment and perseverance in fulfilling a sacred promise.