Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 21

तृतीयः सर्गः (Bālakāṇḍa 3): Vālmīki’s Yogic Verification and the Epic Synopsis

Devanagari script

मारीचस्य वधं चैव वैदेह्या हरणं तथा ।राघवस्य विलापं च गृध्रराजनिबर्हणम् ।।।।

Transliteration

mārīcasya vadhaṃ caiva vaidehyā haraṇaṃ tathā | rāghavasya विलāpaṃ ca gṛdhrarāja-nibarhaṇam ||

Translation

他也叙述了诛杀摩利遮（Mārīca）、掳走毗提诃女（Vaidehī，悉多）、罗伽婆（Rāghava）离别中的哀恸，以及秃鹫之王阇多由（Jaṭāyu）的陨落。

Word by Word

• मारीचस्य: of Mārīca
• मारीचस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मारीच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Singular)

• वधम्: slaying
• वधम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• एव: indeed
• एव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (emphasis)

• वैदेह्याः: of Vaidehī (Sītā)
• वैदेह्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Feminine, Genitive, Singular)

• हरणम्: abduction; carrying off
• हरणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)

• तथा: also; and
• तथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (conj./adverb)

• राघवस्य: of Rāghava (Rāma)
• राघवस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Singular)

• विलापम्: lamentation
• विलापम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विलाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• गृध्र-राज-निबर्हणम्: killing of the vulture-king (Jaṭāyu)
• गृध्र-राज-निबर्हणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृध्र (प्रातिपदिक) + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक) + निबर्हण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular); तत्पुरुषः (nibarhaṇa of the vulture-king = killing/striking down Jaṭāyu)

Context

(He described) the killing of Maricha, the abduction of Sita, Rama's lamentation (over his separation from Sita), and the death of Jatayu.

Characters & Entities

• Mārīca
• Sītā (Vaidehī)
• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Jatāyu (Gṛdhrarāja)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes steadfastness under suffering: even when truth and justice are violated (Sītā’s abduction), one must persist in righteous effort rather than collapse into despair.

What is the narrative situation?

Nārada compresses the crisis sequence: Mārīca is slain, Sītā is abducted, Rāma grieves, and Jatāyu dies after resisting Rāvaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Jatāyu’s courage and duty to protect the vulnerable, and Rāma’s fidelity and perseverance despite grief.