Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 24, Shloka 5

गङ्गा–सरयू-सङ्गमः, मलद–करूश-देशकथा, ताटकावनप्रवेशोपदेशः

The Confluence of Gaṅgā and Sarayū; the Tale of Malada–Karūśa; Counsel on Tātakā’s Forest

Devanagari script

ततश्शुश्राव वै शब्दमतिसंरम्भवर्धितम्।मध्यमागम्य तोयस्य सह राम:कनीयसा।।1.24.5।।

Transliteration

tataḥ śuśrāva vai śabdam atisaṃrambha-vardhitam |

madhyam āgamya toyasya saha rāmaḥ kanīyasā ||1.24.5||

Translation

随后，当他们来到水流中央时，罗摩（Rāma）与幼弟一道，听见一阵轰鸣之声；那声音因河水的猛烈奔涌而愈发高涨。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• śuśrāva: heard
• śuśrāva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg), परस्मैपद

• vai: indeed
• vai: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चय/स्मरण-अव्यय (particle: indeed)

• śabdam: sound/noise
• śabdam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śabda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन (sg)

• ati-saṃrambha-vardhitam: greatly intensified
• ati-saṃrambha-vardhitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ati (अव्यय/पूर्वपद) + saṃrambha (प्रातिपदिक) + vardhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन (sg); तत्पुरुषः: ‘increased by great impetuosity’ (qualifies śabdam)

• madhyam: the middle
• madhyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया (Acc), एकवचन (sg); used adverbially with āgamya: ‘to the middle’

• āgamya: having come
• āgamya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/क्त्वा-अर्थे (absolutive/gerund): ‘having come’

• toyasya: of the water
• toyasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), षष्ठी (Gen), एकवचन (sg)

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-योगे अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable: ‘together with’)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन (sg)

• kanīyasā: with (his) younger brother
• kanīyasā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanīyas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया (Instr), एकवचन (sg); comparative used substantively: ‘with the younger (brother)’

Context

With the princes ahead of you, board the boat. Tread the safe path. Let there be no loss of time.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as vigilance—being attentive to signs and circumstances while pursuing a righteous mission.

What is the narrative situation?

While crossing the river, the brothers notice an unusual, powerful noise from the waters.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Alertness and composure—Rāma remains observant rather than careless in transit.