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Shloka 19

राज्ञः शङ्का

प्रत्याख्यानम् (Daśaratha’s Objections to Sending Rāma) — Bala Kanda, Sarga 20

यदा स्वयं न यज्ञस्य विघ्नकर्ता महाबल:।।1.20.18।।तेन सञ्चोदितौ द्वौ तु राक्षसौ वै महाबलौ।मारीचश्च सुबाहुश्च यज्ञविघ्नं करिष्यत:।।1.20.19।।

yadā svayaṁ na yajñasya vighnakartā mahābalaḥ | tena sañcoditau dvau tu rākṣasau vai mahābalau | mārīcaś ca subāhuś ca yajñavighnaṁ kariṣyataḥ || 1.20.19 ||

当那强大者不亲自破坏祭祀时,他便派遣两位强力罗刹——摩利遮(Mārīca)与苏婆呼(Subāhu)——去阻挠祭礼(yajña)。

इतिthus
इति:
Nipāta (निपात/Quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
उक्तःhaving been told / addressed
उक्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘राजा’ इति विशेषण
मुनिनाby the sage
मुनिना:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
तेनby that (one)
तेन:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; तृतीया, एकवचन
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
मुनिम्to the sage
मुनिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तदाthen
तदा:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
not
:
Niṣedha (निषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation)
हिindeed
हि:
Nipāta (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिपात (emphasis)
शक्तःcapable
शक्तः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √śak)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘अस्मि’ इति क्रियायाः विधेय-विशेषण
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
सङ्ग्रामेin battle
सङ्ग्रामे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṅgrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
स्थातुम्to stand / to face
स्थातुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
TypeVerb
Root√sthā (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive); ‘to stand’
तस्यof that (one)
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी, एकवचन
दुरात्मनःof the evil-minded one
दुरात्मनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootdurātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास: दुरात्मा यस्य सः = ‘evil-souled one’

Although endowed with great strength, Ravana, by himself, never created impediments to the sacrifice. But two rakshasas by name Maricha and Subahu are incited by him to cause obstacles".

R
Rāvaṇa
M
Mārīca
S
Subāhu
Y
Yajña

FAQs

Dharma includes safeguarding sacred duties (yajña) against disruption; delegating wrongdoing does not reduce culpability.

A repeated/parallel line (as transmitted in this recension) reiterates that Mārīca and Subāhu act under Rāvaṇa’s instigation to spoil sacrifices.

Moral clarity—identifying the real instigator behind visible perpetrators.