Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 32

पायसप्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation of the Divine Payasa and the Avatara Resolution

Devanagari script

ततस्तु राजा प्रसमीक्ष्य ता: स्त्रिय:प्ररूढगर्भा: प्रतिलब्धमानस:।बभूव हृष्टस्त्रिदिवे यथा हरि:सुरेन्द्रसिद्धर्षिगणाभिपूजित:।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tu rājā prasamīkṣya tāḥ striyaḥ prarūḍha-garbhāḥ pratilabdha-mānasaḥ | babhūva hṛṣṭas tridive yathā hariḥ surendra-siddharṣi-gaṇābhipūjitaḥ ||

Translation

国王见诸位王后皆已怀胎稳固，心神复归安定，欢喜踊跃——如同天界三十三天中的哈利（毗湿奴），受因陀罗与诸悉地者、诸仙圣众所礼敬。

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: कालाधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रम/कालवाचक

• तु: indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अन्वय/विरोध (particle)

• राजा: the king
• राजा: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्रसमीक्ष्य: having observed
• प्रसमीक्ष्य: क्रियाविशेषण (पूर्वकालिक)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + सम् + ईक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल; धातु: ईक्ष् 'to see' with उपसर्ग प्र-सम्-

• ताः: those
• ताः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• स्त्रियः: women/queens
• स्त्रियः: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; apposition to ताः

• प्ररूढ-गर्भाः: pregnant (with developed foetuses)
• प्ररूढ-गर्भाः: कर्मविशेषण (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्ररूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √रुह्) + गर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय ('with grown/advanced pregnancies') qualifying 'स्त्रियः'

• प्रतिलब्ध-मानसः: having regained composure
• प्रतिलब्ध-मानसः: कर्तृविशेषण (Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतिलब्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √लभ्) + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि ('one whose mind is regained/composed') qualifying 'राजा'

• बभूव: became
• बभूव: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; धातु: भू 'to become'

• हृष्टः: delighted
• हृष्टः: विधेय (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √हृष्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; past participle used predicatively with 'बभूव'

• त्रिदिवे: in heaven
• त्रिदिवे: अधिकरण (Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• यथा: as
• यथा: उपमा-सूचक (Simile marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमावाचक/प्रकारवाचक (as/just as)

• हरिः: Hari (Vishnu)
• हरिः: उपमान (Standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; (Viṣṇu/Indra by context; here Viṣṇu)

• सुरेन्द्र-सिद्ध-ऋषि-गण-अभिपूजितः: worshipped by Indra, siddhas and sages
• सुरेन्द्र-सिद्ध-ऋषि-गण-अभिपूजितः: उपमानविशेषण (Qualifier of standard)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुरेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) + सिद्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक) + अभिपूजित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, अभि+√पूज्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (agent phrase condensed: 'worshipped by Indra and hosts of siddhas and sages') qualifying 'हरिः'

Context

Having obtained the boon from Brahma, Ravana, greed and arrogant went on bringing destruction to the three worlds. He carried away women by violence. O destroyer of foes his death is possible by men only."

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Hari (Viṣṇu)
• Indra
• siddhas
• ṛṣis

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A ruler’s personal joy is harmonized with public duty: the prospect of heirs promises stability, continuity, and protection of the realm—key aims of rāja-dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha sees the queens pregnant and feels relief and happiness, marking the success of the rite and the coming births.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Composure and grateful rejoicing—his mind steadies (pratilabdha-mānasaḥ) as hope becomes assured.