Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 13, Shloka 34

हयमेध

यज्ञोपक्रमः — Commencement of the Aśvamedha Preparations

Devanagari script

यज्ञीयं च कृतं राजन् पुरुषैस्सुसमाहितै:।निर्यातु च भवान्यष्टुं यज्ञायतनमन्तिकात्।।1.13.34।।

Transliteration

yajñīyaṃ ca kṛtaṃ rājan puruṣaiḥ susamāhitaiḥ |

niryātu ca bhavān yaṣṭuṃ yajñāyatanam antikāt || 1.13.34 ||

Translation

“大王，祭祀（yajña）之所需已由心志安定、专注之人悉皆办妥。请大王前往近旁的祭场，亲行祭仪。”

Word by Word

• सर्वकामैः: with all desired items
• सर्वकामैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व-काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वे कामाः/वाञ्छित-वस्तूनि)

• उपहृतैः: brought/arranged
• उपहृतैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-√हृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (सर्वकामैः)

• उपेतम्: endowed, furnished
• उपेतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-√इ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (यज्ञायतनम् implied)

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• समन्ततः: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (everywhere/on all sides)

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश् (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive)

• अर्हसि: you should/are worthy to
• अर्हसि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्ह् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• राजेन्द्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज-इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राज्ञाम् इन्द्रः)

• मनसा: by the mind
• मनसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• इव: as if
• इव: Particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle)

• विनिर्मितम्: constructed, fashioned
• विनिर्मितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-निर्-√मा (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (उपेतम्/यज्ञायतनम्)

Context

Thereupon, wellpleased, Vasishta addressing Dasaratha said "O best among men, beacuse of your command, kings from various countries have arrived. I have extended due hospitality to those noble kings according to their station."

Characters & Entities

• Vasiṣṭha
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in ritual life requires readiness, mental composure, and proceeding in proper sequence—action aligned with vidhi (right procedure).

What is the narrative situation?

Vasiṣṭha informs Daśaratha that preparations are complete and invites him to enter the yajña-space to commence the sacrificial act.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Composure and duty: the attendants’ focused preparation and the king’s readiness to undertake a sacred obligation.