Shloka 3

सीतावियोगे रामस्य विलापः

Rama’s Lament and Inquiry on Sita’s Disappearance

Devanagari script

राज्यभ्रष्टस्य दीनस्य दण्डकान्परिधावतः।क्व सा दुःखसहाया मे वैदेही तनुमध्यमा।।।।

Transliteration

rājyabhraṣṭasya dīnasya daṇḍakān paridhāvataḥ |

kva sā duḥkhasahāyā me vaidehī tanumadhyamā ||

Translation

那位纤腰的毗提希在哪里——当我被逐出王国、凄苦流离、奔走于檀陀迦森林时，她与我同受艰难。

Word by Word

• राज्यभ्रष्टस्य: of (me) deprived of kingdom
• राज्यभ्रष्टस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation to मे)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राज्य + भ्रष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘राज्यात् भ्रष्टः’ (one fallen from kingdom)

• दीनस्य: of (me) dejected
• दीनस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying implied ‘मम’)

• दण्डकान्: the Dandaka (region/forests)
• दण्डकान्: कर्म/देश (Object/region traversed with paridhāvataḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्डक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; देशवाचक (region)

• परिधावतः: running about
• परिधावतः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive; describing me)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि + धाव् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (Present Active Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of (me) running about’

• क्व: where?
• क्व: प्रश्न (Interrogative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय

• सा: she
• सा: विषय (Topic/subject of question)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दुःखसहाया: companion in sorrow
• दुःखसहाया: विशेषण (Qualifier of वैदेही)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख + सहाया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘दुःखे सहाया’ (companion in sorrow)

• मे: my
• मे: सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; enclitic form

• वैदेही: Vaidehi
• वैदेही: विषय (Subject/topic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to सा

• तनुमध्यमा: slender-waisted
• तनुमध्यमा: विशेषण (Qualifier of वैदेही)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तनु + मध्यमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘तनुः मध्यमा यस्याः’ (slender-waisted) used as epithet

Context

I am afraid, Vaidehi, frightened by hearing the voice which was like mine sent you to see me, and you came all at once.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita (Vaidehi)
• Lakshmana
• Dandaka forest (Daṇḍaka)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as shared burden: true righteousness in relationships includes steadfast companionship in adversity—Sītā’s choice to share exile is recalled as a moral ideal of loyalty and mutual duty.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama, not finding Sītā, recalls how she accompanied him into exile and now anxiously asks where she has gone.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s fidelity and resilience (sahadharmacāriṇī spirit), and Rama’s reverent recognition of her sacrificial companionship.