Shloka 37

जटायुरावणयुद्धम्

Jatayu’s Combat with Ravana

Devanagari script

स परिष्वज्य च वैदेहीं वामेनाङ्केन रावणः।।।।तलेनाभिजघानाशु जटायुं क्रोधमुर्छीतः।

Transliteration

sa pariṣvajya ca vaidehīṁ vāmenāṅkena rāvaṇaḥ | talenābhijaghānāśu jaṭāyuṁ krodha-mūrchitaḥ ||

Translation

罗波那怒火中烧，左臂紧紧抓住韦提希（悉多），随即挥掌猛击佳塔尤。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• परिष्वज्य: having embraced/held
• परिष्वज्य: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-स्वज् (धातु: आलिङ्गने)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• वैदेहीम्: Vaidehi (Sita)
• वैदेहीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैदेही (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; व्यक्तिवाचक

• वामेन: with the left
• वामेन: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वाम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying अङ्केन)

• अङ्केन: with the arm/lap (here: arm)
• अङ्केन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• रावणः: Ravana
• रावणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तलेन: with the palm
• तलेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अभिजघान: struck
• अभिजघान: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-हन् (धातु: हनने)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आशु: quickly
• आशु: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: quickly)

• जटायुम्: Jatayu
• जटायुम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जटायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; व्यक्तिवाचक

• क्रोधमूर्छितः: faint with rage
• क्रोधमूर्छितः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रोध + मूर्छित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (क्रोधेन मूर्छितः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying रावणः)

Context

Losing his senses, with rage, Ravana held Vaidehi (Sita) with his left arm and hit Jatayu with his palm.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)
• Jaṭāyu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma compounds itself: Rāvaṇa’s injustice (abduction) is sustained through coercion and rage, showing how loss of self-control drives further wrongdoing.

What is the narrative situation?

While restraining Sītā, Rāvaṇa strikes Jaṭāyu in anger to break his resistance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s dignity is implicitly protected by Jaṭāyu’s stand; Rāvaṇa displays the vice of rage-driven aggression.