Shloka 11

जटायुरावणयुद्धम्

Jatayu’s Combat with Ravana

Devanagari script

ततोऽस्य सशरं चापं मुक्तामणिविभूषितम्।चरणाभ्यां महातेजा बभञ्ज पतगेश्वरः।।।।

Transliteration

tato ’sya sa-śaraṁ cāpaṁ muktā-maṇi-vibhūṣitam |

caraṇābhyāṁ mahā-tejā babhañja patageśvaraḥ ||

Translation

于是那大威德的鸟王以双足踏碎罗波那那镶饰珍珠宝玉的弓，并连同其箭一并折断。

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Krama-avyaya (क्रम-अव्यय)

• asya: of him (Ravana)
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• sa-śaram: together with the arrow
• sa-śaram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa ‘with arrow’; Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of cāpam

• cāpam: bow
• cāpam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• muktāmaṇi-vibhūṣitam: adorned with pearls and gems
• muktāmaṇi-vibhūṣitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: muktā + maṇi + vibhūṣita (प्रातिपदिक; PPP)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa ‘adorned with pearls and gems’; Kṛdanta: Kta (क्त) of √bhūṣ (भूष्) with vi-; Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of cāpam

• caraṇābhyām: with (his) two feet
• caraṇābhyām: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Dvivacana

• mahā-tejāḥ: glorious
• mahā-tejāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Karmadhāraya ‘greatly radiant’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of patageśvaraḥ

• babhañja: broke
• babhañja: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhañj (भञ्ज् धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्, past/imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

• patageśvaraḥ: lord of birds (Jatāyu)
• patageśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pataga + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa ‘lord of birds’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

Context

The glorious lord of birds crushed with his feet the bow and arrow of Ravana with pearls and gems encrusted.

Characters & Entities

• Jatāyu (Patageśvara)
• Rāvaṇa
• bow (cāpa)
• arrow (śara)
• pearls (muktā)
• gems (maṇi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Active resistance to wrongdoing: dharma is upheld not only by counsel but, when necessary, by force used to stop harm.

What is the narrative situation?

In the aerial fight, Jatāyu physically disables Rāvaṇa’s weaponry by breaking his bow.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearless resolve and martial competence used in defense of a righteous cause.