Shloka 12

आरण्यकाण्डे चतुस्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Śūrpaṇakhā Reports to Rāvaṇa; Rāma’s Might and Sītā’s Description

Devanagari script

भ्राता चास्य महातेजा गुणतस्तुल्यविक्रमः।अनुरक्तश्च भक्तश्च लक्ष्मणो नाम वीर्यवान्।।।।

Transliteration

bhrātā cāsya mahā-tejā guṇatas tulyavikramaḥ | anuraktaś ca bhaktaś ca lakṣmaṇo nāma vīryavān ||

Translation

而他的兄弟，光辉炽盛，德行与勇武与他相等，名为罗什曼那：英勇无畏，虔敬奉事，情深忠诚。

Word by Word

• bhrātā: brother
• bhrātā: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• asya: of him/his
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam/tad? (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक: asya = ‘of him/this’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• mahā-tejāḥ: greatly radiant/mighty
• mahā-tejāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; bhrātā इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• guṇataḥ: in qualities
• guṇataḥ: Sambandha/Viṣaya (विषय/Respect)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb): ‘in respect of qualities’

• tulya-vikramaḥ: equal in prowess
• tulya-vikramaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tulya (प्रातिपदिक) + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (‘equal in valor’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; bhrātā-विशेषणम्

• anuraktaḥ: attached/loyal
• anuraktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu-√rañj (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (PPP/क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; lakṣmaṇaḥ-विशेषणम्

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• bhaktaḥ: devoted
• bhaktaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √bhaj (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (PPP/क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• nāma: by name
• nāma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Naming marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāma (अव्यय)
• Form: नाम-शब्दः (indeclinable particle) used for naming

• vīryavān: valiant/possessing valor
• vīryavān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (possessive adjective); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; lakṣmaṇaḥ-विशेषणम्

Context

His brother called Lakshmana looks radiant. He is virtuous and courageous like him, valiant, devoted and loyal.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma
• Śūrpaṇakhā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is upheld through steadfast loyalty and service to righteousness; Lakṣmaṇa embodies supportive duty to his elder brother’s mission.

What is the narrative situation?

Śūrpaṇakhā informs Rāvaṇa that Rāma is not alone; Lakṣmaṇa stands with him as an equally capable protector.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Brotherly devotion and vigilant service (anurāga/bhakti) joined with valor.