Shloka 1

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत विराटपर्वके अन्तर्गत गोहरणपर्वमें उत्तरयोग्रहके समय यौओके लौटनेसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाला तिरपनवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ ॥/ ५३ ॥। (दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १३ शलोक मिलाकर कुल २६३ श्लोक हैं।) #-+- “5 (9) &:..... +--:..& चतुष्पठ्चाशत्तमोडध्याय: अर्जुनका कर्णपर आक्रमण, विकर्णकी पराजय, शत्रुंतप और संग्रामजित्‌॒का वध, कर्ण और अर्जुनका युद्ध तथा कर्णका पलायन वैशम्पायन उवाच स शत्रुसेनां तरसा प्रणुद्य गास्ता विजित्याथ धनुर्धराग्रय: । दुर्योधनायाभिमुखं प्रयातो भूयो रणं सोडभिचिकीर्षमाण:

vaiśampāyana uvāca | sa śatrusenāṃ tarasā praṇudya gāstā vijityātha dhanurdharāgryaḥ | duryodhanāyābhimukhaṃ prayāto bhūyo raṇaṃ so 'bhicikīrṣamāṇaḥ ||

至此,《圣摩诃婆罗多》之《毗罗吒篇》内《夺牛篇》关于“于乌多罗夺牛之时,牛群回返”之第五十三章告终。(按南方增补本,另加十三颂,总计二百六十三颂。) 毗舍波耶那言:那位最卓绝的弓手迅疾驱退敌军,复得牛群之后,便面向都利约陀那而行,意欲再入战阵。此颂彰显有纪律的勇武:胜利并非残酷的凭据,而是依于法义(dharma)对侵凌所作的尽责回应,继而准备直面祸首。

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रुसेनाम्the enemy army
शत्रुसेनाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुसेना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तरसाwith speed/force
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रणुद्यhaving driven back
प्रणुद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नुद्
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active, prior action to main verb
गाःcows
गाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
ताःthose (cows)
ताः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
विजित्यhaving conquered/won
विजित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-जि
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Active, prior action to main verb
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
धनुर्धराग्र्यःthe foremost of bowmen
धनुर्धराग्र्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनुर्धराग्र्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनायtowards/for Duryodhana
दुर्योधनाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
अभिमुखम्facing; in front
अभिमुखम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिमुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयातःwent forth; proceeded
प्रयातः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormKta (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भूयःagain; once more
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
रणम्battle
रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिचिकीर्षमाणःwishing/intending to do (fight)
अभिचिकीर्षमाणः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-चिकीर्ष्
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
D
Duryodhana
E
enemy army (Kaurava host)
C
cattle (gāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames martial action as duty-oriented: Arjuna first secures the immediate objective (recovering the stolen cattle) and then turns to confront the chief wrongdoer. Valor is shown as disciplined and purposeful—protecting what must be protected and addressing the source of adharma rather than indulging in aimless violence.

After defeating and driving back the opposing forces and reclaiming the cattle taken in the raid, Arjuna advances directly toward Duryodhana, ready to renew combat. This sets the stage for further clashes with leading Kaurava warriors in the Goharaṇa episode of the Virāṭa narrative.