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Shloka 22

Dhaumya’s Counsel on Incognito Conduct in a Royal Household (राजवसतौ आचरण-निति)

यत्नाच्चोपचरेदेनमग्निवद्‌ देववत्‌ त्विह । अनुतेनोपचीर्णो हि हन्यादेव न संशय:,इस जगतमें राजाको अग्निके समान दाहक मानकर उसके अत्यन्त निकट न रहे और देवताके समान निग्रह तथा अनुग्रहमें समर्थ जानकर उसकी कभी अवहेलना न करे। इस प्रकार यत्नपूर्वक उसकी परिचर्यामें संलग्न रहे। इसमें संदेह नहीं कि जो मिथ्या एवं कपटपूर्ण उपचारके द्वारा राजाकी सेवा करता है, वह एक दिन अवश्य उसके हाथसे मारा जाता है

yatnāc copacared enam agnivad devavat tv iha | anutena upacīrṇo hi hanyād eva na saṁśayaḥ ||

陀乌弥亚说道:“在此世间,当以警醒之心侍奉国王——知其如火般灼烈,切莫过于逼近;又知其如神明般能施约束与恩泽,切莫轻慢。故当勤谨随侍。毫无疑问:以虚伪与欺诈之奉承侍奉君王者,终有一日必为君王所诛。”

यत्नात्with effort, carefully
यत्नात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपचरेत्should serve/attend
उपचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एनम्him (that person, i.e., the king)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (एतद्)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अग्नि-वद्like fire
अग्नि-वद्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्नि + वत्
देव-वत्like a god
देव-वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदेव + वत्
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इहhere (in this world/context)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
अनुतेनthereafter/accordingly; by that (manner)
अनुतेन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु + तेन (तद्)
उपचीर्णःone who has served/attended (thus)
उपचीर्णः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-चर् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
हन्यात्would kill / should kill
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
एवcertainly/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

धौग्य उवाच

धौम्य (Dhaumya)
राजा (the king)
अग्नि (fire)
देव (god/deity)

Educational Q&A

Serve a ruler with careful balance: keep respectful distance because royal power can burn like fire, yet never show contempt because the king can grant favor or restraint like a deity. Above all, avoid deceit; false service invites destruction.

Dhaumya delivers counsel on how one should behave in relation to a king—warning against both over-familiarity and disrespect, and emphasizing that hypocritical or deceitful attendance at court ultimately leads to punishment.