Shloka 1
Arjuna’s Self-Identification and the Ten Names
Uttara–Arjuna Saṃvāda
Devanagari script
(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके ९६ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ६० ३ “लोक हैं।) #++ # ० (0) अप आन एकोनचत्वारिशोड ध्याय: द्रोणाचार्यद्वारा अर्जुनके अलौकिक पराक्रमकी प्रशंसा वैशम्पायन उवाच त॑ दृष्टवा क्लीबवेषेण रथस्थं नरपुड्भवम् । शमीमभिमुखं यान्तं रथमारोप्य चोत्तरम्
Translation
毗湿摩波耶那说：他们看见阿周那——人中最胜者——坐在战车上，身着阉人（klība，非男）之装；他又将乌多罗扶上车，面向娑弥树而行。
Word by Word
वैशम्पायनःVaishampayana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
क्लीब-वेषेणin/with a eunuch-disguise
क्लीब-वेषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्लीबवेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
रथ-स्थम्standing on the chariot
रथ-स्थम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootरथस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नर-पुङ्गवम्the best of men
नर-पुङ्गवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनरपुङ्गव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शमीम्the śamī tree
शमीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशमी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अभिमुखम्towards; facing
अभिमुखम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभिमुख
यान्तम्going
यान्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आरोप्यhaving mounted/placed (on)
आरोप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुह्
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप् (absolutive, -य form), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उत्तराम्Uttarā
उत्तराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes