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Shloka 19

दमयन्तीवाक्य-प्रेषणम्

Damayantī’s Message and the Dispatch of Brahmin Envoys

त्यक्ता तेनाल्‍पभाग्येन मन्दप्रज्ञेन मारिष । इत्येवं नैषधो राजा दमयन्तीमनुस्मरन्‌ ।। अज्ञातवासं न्यवसदू राज्ञस्तस्य निवेशने,“भूख और प्याससे उसके अंग व्याप्त हो रहे थे। उस दशामें परित्यक्त होकर वह यदि जीवित भी हो तो भी उसका जीवित रहना बहुत कठिन है। आर्य जीवल! अत्यन्त भयंकर विशाल वनमें जहाँ नित्य-निरन्तर हिंसक जन्तु विचरते रहते हैं, उस मन्दबुद्धि एवं मन्दभाग्य पुरुषने उसका त्याग कर दिया था।” इस प्रकार निषधनरेश राजा नल दमयन्तीका निरन्तर स्मरण करते हुए राजा ऋतुपर्णके यहाँ अज्ञातवास कर रहे थे

bṛhadaśva uvāca | tyaktā tenālpabhāgyena mandaprajñena māriṣa | ityevaṃ naiṣadho rājā damayantīmanusmaran || ajñātavāsaṃ nyavasad rājñas tasya niveśane ||

布里哈达湿婆说道:“尊贵之人啊,她被那福薄而愚昧之人所遗弃。”于是,尼沙陀之王那罗常常追忆达摩延蒂,隐身匿迹,不为人识,寄居在那位国王(利图帕尔那)的宫邸之中。

त्यक्ताabandoned
त्यक्ता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्यक्त (√त्यज्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
अल्पभाग्येनby the ill-fated one
अल्पभाग्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पभाग्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मन्दप्रज्ञेनby the dull-witted one
मन्दप्रज्ञेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्दप्रज्ञ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मारिषO sir / O venerable one
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
नैषधःthe king of Niṣadha (Nala)
नैषधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनैषध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमयन्तीम्Damayantī
दमयन्तीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदमयन्ती
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनुस्मरन्remembering
अनुस्मरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनुस्मरन्त् (√स्मृ + अनु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अज्ञातवासम्incognito residence
अज्ञातवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञातवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
न्यवसत्dwelt / stayed
न्यवसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + √वस्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof that (king) / his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
निवेशनेin the residence / house
निवेशने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवेशन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

बृहृदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
N
Nala (Naiṣadha rājā)
D
Damayantī
Ṛtupārṇa (implied by context: 'that king')
N
Niṣadha

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical cost of impaired judgment and misfortune: abandoning a dependent spouse is portrayed as a grave lapse, while Nala’s constant remembrance suggests remorse and the enduring moral bond of marriage even amid downfall.

Bṛhadaśva narrates that Nala, having abandoned Damayantī in the forest, later lives incognito (ajñātavāsa) in another king’s household—understood in context as King Ṛtupārṇa—while continually thinking of Damayantī.