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Shloka 6

Sudeva Identifies Damayantī in Cedi (सुदेवेन दमयन्ती-परिचयः)

अथार्धरात्रसमये नि:शब्दस्तिमिते तदा । सुप्ते सार्थे परिश्रान्ते हस्तियूथमुपागमत्‌,तत्पश्चात्‌ आधी रातके समय जब कहींसे भी कोई शब्द सुनायी नहीं देता था और उस दलके सभी लोग थककर सो गये थे, उस समय गजराजोंके मदकी धारासे मलिन जलवाली पहाड़ी नदीमें पानी पीनेके लिये (जंगली) हाथियोंका एक झुंड आ निकला। उस झुंडने व्यापारियोंके सोये हुए दलको और उसके साथ आये हुए बहुत-से हाथियोंको भी देखा

athārdharātrasamaye niḥśabdastimite tadā | supte sārthe pariśrānte hastiyūtham upāgamat ||

随后到了子夜时分——万籁俱寂,四野凝然——商队因疲惫而沉沉睡去,一群大象走近。它们来饮一条山中河流之水;那水因巨牙雄象发情时渗出的“狂液”(mada)而浑浊。象群也看见了熟睡的商旅队伍,以及随行的许多大象。

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अर्धरात्रसमयेat the time of midnight
अर्धरात्रसमये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्धरात्रसमय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नि:शब्दस्तिमितेin (a state) silent and still
नि:शब्दस्तिमिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि:शब्दस्तिमित
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सुप्तेwhen (it/they) had slept; asleep
सुप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सार्थेin the caravan
सार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसार्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परिश्रान्तेwhen (it/they) were exhausted
परिश्रान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरिश्रान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हस्तियूथम्a herd of elephants
हस्तियूथम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तियूथ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपागमत्came/approached
उपागमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

बृहदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva (speaker)
S
sārtha (merchant caravan)
H
hastiyūtha (herd of wild elephants)
P
parvata-nadī (mountain river)
H
hastinaḥ (elephants accompanying the caravan)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how fatigue and inattentiveness (pramāda) make even an organized group vulnerable; in the wilderness, one must balance rest with prudent vigilance, since natural forces and animals act without malice yet can cause great harm.

At midnight, when the merchant caravan is asleep and the surroundings are silent, a herd of wild elephants arrives at a nearby mountain river to drink; the herd observes the sleeping merchants and the elephants traveling with them, setting up an impending encounter.