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Shloka 114

यक्ष उवाच को मोदते किमाश्चर्य क: पन्था: का च वार्तिका । ममैतांश्वतुरः प्रश्नान्‌ कथयित्वा जलं पिब,यक्षने पूछा--सुखी कौन है? आश्वर्य क्या है? मार्ग क्या है और वार्ता क्या है? मेरे इन चार प्रश्नोंका उत्तर देकर जल पीओ

yakṣa uvāca: ko modate? kim āścaryam? kaḥ panthāḥ? kā ca vārtikā? mama etān caturaḥ praśnān kathayitvā jalaṃ piba.

夜叉说道:“谁才是真正知足的人?世间最大的奇异是什么?何为正道?何为得体之言?先答我这四问,然后方可饮水。”

यक्षःthe Yaksha
यक्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोदतेrejoices / is happy
मोदते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आश्चर्यम्a wonder / astonishing thing
आश्चर्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआश्चर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कःwhat/which (is)?
कः:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पन्थाःpath / way
पन्थाः:
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
काwhat/which (is)?
का:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वार्तिकाnews / report / discourse
वार्तिका:
TypeNoun
Rootवार्तिका
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चतुरःfour
चतुरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रश्नान्questions
प्रश्नान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रश्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कथयित्वाhaving told / having answered
कथयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकथय्
FormAbsolutive (त्वान्त), Parasmaipada-derived
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पिबdrink
पिब:
TypeVerb
Rootपा
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

यक्ष उवाच

Y
Yakṣa
W
water (jala)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames ethical inquiry as a prerequisite for rightful action: true satisfaction, the nature of wonder, the correct path, and proper speech are presented as foundational questions. It implies that access to life-sustaining resources (water) is tied to discernment, humility, and dharmic understanding.

At the lake episode in the Vana Parva, the Yakṣa confronts the seeker and sets a condition: before drinking the water, he must answer a set of probing questions. This verse introduces four of those questions, establishing the test of wisdom and dharma.