Shloka 2

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

Devanagari script

तस्य पाटयत: काष्ठ स्वेदो वै समजायत । व्यायामेन च तेनास्य जज्ञे शिरसि वेदना

Transliteration

tasya pāṭayataḥ kāṣṭha svedo vai samajāyata | vyāyāmena ca tenāsya jajñe śirasi vedanā ||

Translation

他不断劈柴，汗水果然涌出；而因那般用力，他的头上生起了疼痛。叙述强调：无休止的劳作与紧绷的耗损，自然会招致身躯之苦，并含蓄提示一种伦理——当以适度之力行事，以清明之心忍耐。

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• पाटयतः: while (he) was splitting
• पाटयतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पट् (पाटयति)
• Form: present, third, singular, active

• काष्ठम्: wood
• काष्ठम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: काष्ठ
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• स्वेदः: sweat
• स्वेदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वेद
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै

• समजायत: arose/was produced
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + जन् (जायते)
• Form: imperfect, third, singular, middle

• व्यायामेन: by exertion
• व्यायामेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यायाम
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, singular

• अस्य: of him
• अस्य: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• जज्ञे: arose/was born
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: perfect, third, singular, middle

• शिरसि: in the head
• शिरसि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिरस्
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• वेदना: pain
• वेदना: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेदना
• Form: feminine, nominative, singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• wood (kāṣṭha)
• sweat (sveda)
• head (śiras)
• pain (vedanā)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the natural consequence of intense exertion: physical strain produces fatigue and pain. Ethically, it points toward disciplined endurance while also implying the value of moderation and awareness of bodily limits.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a person engaged in splitting wood; as the work continues, he begins to sweat, and the sustained effort results in a headache.