Shloka 13
Jatāyu’s Resistance, Sītā’s Traces, Kabandha’s Release, and the Path to Sugrīva (Āraṇyaka-parva 263)
Devanagari script
अकस्मादेत्य च ब्रूते भोजयास्मांस्त्वरान्वित: । कदाचिच्च निशीथे स उत्थाय निकृतौ स्थित:
Transliteration
akasmādetya ca brūte bhojayāsmāṁstvarānvitāḥ | kadācicca niśīthe sa utthāya nikṛtau sthitaḥ ||
Translation
毗湿摩耶那说道：“他会忽然来到，急促地说：‘立刻给我们备食！’有时在深更半夜，他又起身而立，伺机施诈。”
Word by Word
अकस्मात्suddenly, unexpectedly
अकस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकस्मात्
FormAvyaya (indeclinable adverb)
एत्यhaving come
एत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootइ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from √इ; 'having come'
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
ब्रूतेhe says
ब्रूते:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada
भोजयfeed (us)!, give (us) food!
भोजय:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु) / भोजय (णिजन्त)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd person singular, Parasmaipada; causative of √भुज्
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormPronoun; accusative case, plural
त्वरा-अन्वितःendowed with haste; in a hurry
त्वरा-अन्वितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरा + अन्वित
FormMasculine, nominative case, singular
कदाचित्sometimes
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
FormAvyaya (adverb)
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya (conjunction)
निशीथेat midnight
निशीथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशीथ
FormMasculine, locative case, singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormPronoun; masculine, nominative case, singular
उत्थायhaving risen (got up)
उत्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु) + उत् (उपसर्ग)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वान्त), from √स्था with उत्; 'having risen'
निकृतौin deceit; in a treacherous act/plot
निकृतौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिकृति
FormFeminine, locative case, singular (Vedic/epic loc. sg. in -au)
स्थितःstanding; remaining; being engaged
स्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), masculine, nominative case, singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaCharacter Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights unethical conduct—impatience and deceit—implying that dharmic life requires restraint, honesty, and proper regard for others rather than coercion or trickery.
Vaishampayana describes a person’s behavior: he abruptly arrives demanding food in haste, and at other times he rises at midnight, poised to act deceitfully—portraying a pattern of manipulative, untrustworthy conduct.