Shloka 46

Jayadratha Approaches Draupadī in the Forest

Hospitality, Persuasion, and Reproach

Devanagari script

तैः सड़म्य नृपार्थाय यतितव्यं यथातथम्‌ | जो मनुष्य सेनाजीवी हैं अथवा राजाके राज्यमें निवास करते हैं, उन सबको मिलकर अपने राजाके हितके लिये यथोचित प्रयत्न करना चाहिये

Transliteration

taiḥ sāḍamya nṛpārthāya yatitavyaṃ yathātatham |

Translation

迦尔纳说道：“当与他们同心协力，因时制宜、各尽其当，为君王之福祉而奋勉。凡以军旅为生者，或居于王土之内者，皆当合而为一，尽其所宜，为其君主谋善。”

Word by Word

• तैः: by them / with them
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, plural

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• अस्मि: I am
• अस्मि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: present indicative (lat), 1st, singular

• नृपार्थाय: for the king's purpose / for the king's benefit
• नृपार्थाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपार्थ
• Form: masculine, dative, singular

• यतितव्यम्: effort should be made / one must strive
• यतितव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत्
• Form: gerundive (tavya), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• यथा: as / in the manner that
• यथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• तथा: so / accordingly
• तथा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

Speaker

कर्ण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Karna
• king (nṛpa)
• soldiers / those who live by military service (senājīvī, implied)
• subjects / residents of the kingdom (implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Those who depend on the king—especially soldiers and residents of the realm—have an ethical obligation to act collectively and appropriately for the ruler’s welfare, emphasizing loyalty and coordinated duty within rājadharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Karna is articulating a principle of political and social duty: people connected to the king’s power and protection should unite and make suitable efforts for the king’s interests, framing service to the ruler as a shared responsibility.