Shloka 11

दुर्योधनस्य लज्जा-प्रायोपवेशविचारः

Duryodhana’s Shame and Consideration of Prāyopaveśa

Devanagari script

रुद्रैरिव यमो राजा मरुद्धिरिव वासव: । कुरुभिस्त्वं वृतो राजन्‌ भासि नक्षत्रराडिव

Transliteration

rudrair iva yamo rājā marudbhir iva vāsavaḥ | kurubhis tvaṁ vṛto rājan bhāsi nakṣatrarāḍ iva ||

Translation

毗舍波耶那说道：“大王啊，你为俱卢众所环绕而光耀——如阎摩在诸鲁陀罗之中，如因陀罗在诸摩鲁特之中，又如群星之间的星辰之王（月亮）在众宿之中。”

Word by Word

• रुद्रैः: by/with the Rudras
• रुद्रैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• इव: like, as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• राजा: king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मरुद्भिः: by/with the Maruts
• मरुद्भिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• इव: like, as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• वासवः: Vāsava (Indra)
• वासवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कुरुभिः: by/with the Kurus
• कुरुभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Nominative, Singular

• वृतः: surrounded, attended
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृ (वरणे)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भासि: you shine
• Type: Verb
• Root: भा (दीप्तौ)
• Form: Present, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• नक्षत्रराट्: king of stars (the moon)
• नक्षत्रराट्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नक्षत्रराज्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: like, as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yama
• Rudras
• Indra (Vāsava)
• Maruts
• Kurus
• Nakṣatrarāṭ (Moon)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights ideal kingship through imagery: a true ruler stands out by moral authority (Yama), commanding leadership (Indra), and luminous eminence (Moon among stars). It implies that rightful leadership is recognized naturally when supported by one’s community and lineage.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a king’s distinguished presence while he is attended by the Kurus, using three divine similes to convey his prominence and the respectful circle of followers around him.