Shloka 42

Duryodhana’s Śaraṇāgati and the Pāṇḍavas’ Resolve

Gandharva Encounter

Devanagari script

एषां तु पृष्ठतो रुद्रो विमले स्यन्दने स्थित:

Transliteration

eṣāṁ tu pṛṣṭhato rudro vimale syandane sthitaḥ

Translation

然而在他们身后，鲁陀罗立于一乘洁净无瑕的战车之上——其威临令人震慑，昭示神明的监察，以及在事态展开之中，行为所招致的不可逃避之果报。

Word by Word

• एषाम्: of these (persons)
• एषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, plural

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पृष्ठतः: from behind/at the rear
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठ

• रुद्रः: Rudra (Shiva)
• रुद्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• विमले: in the spotless/bright
• विमले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• स्यन्दने: in the chariot
• स्यन्दने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्यन्दन
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• स्थितः: stood/was stationed
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (क्त)
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• vimala syandana (spotless chariot)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores that human affairs unfold under a larger moral and cosmic governance: Rudra’s presence behind them suggests divine supervision, reminding listeners that actions carry consequences aligned with dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya describes a scene in which Rudra is positioned behind a group (previously mentioned in context), standing on a pure chariot—indicating a formidable divine force accompanying or overseeing the situation.