Shloka 40
Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)
येषां तटाकानि महोदकानि वाप्यश्च कूपाश्च प्रतिश्रयाश्व अन्नस्य दानं मधुरा च वाणी यमस्य ते निर्वचना भवन्ति,जो लोग अगाध जलसे भरे हुए तालाब और पोखरे खुदवाते हैं, बावली, कुएँ तथा धर्मशालाएँ तैयार कराते हैं, अन्नका दान करते और मीठी बातें बोलते हैं, उन्हें यमराजकी बात भी नहीं सुननी पड़ती है अर्थात् यमराज उसे वचनमात्रसे भी दण्ड नहीं दे सकते
yeṣāṃ taṭākāni mahodakāni vāpyāś ca kūpāś ca pratiśrayāś ca | annasya dānaṃ madhurā ca vāṇī yamasya te nirvacanā bhavanti ||
马尔坎德耶说道：“凡令人开凿深广蓄水之池，又建阶井、井泉与旅人歇息之所；又施食布施，言辞温柔甘美者——对他们而言，阎摩（Yama）的权柄便不再生效。换言之，他们甚至无需听见阎摩的召唤，因为此等功德使其超出惩罚所及。”
मार्कण्डेय उवाच
Educational Q&A
Public-benefit gifts (water sources and shelters), food charity, and gentle speech are presented as powerful forms of dharma whose merit protects a person from Yama’s punitive authority—emphasizing that sustaining life, easing travel, and practicing kindness in word and deed are among the highest ethical acts.
Mārkaṇḍeya is instructing his listeners on the fruits of righteous conduct. He lists concrete, socially sustaining actions—building waterworks and shelters, giving food, and speaking kindly—and declares that such people are not subject to Yama’s summons or punishment, highlighting the moral economy of karma and merit.