Shloka 29

त्यक्त्वा रणमिमं सौते पृष्ठतो5भ्याहतः शरै: । त्वयापनीतो विवशो न जीवेयं कथंचन,“'सूतपुत्र! तेरे द्वारा रणसे दूर लाया हुआ मैं इस युद्धको छोड़कर और पीठपर बाणोंकी चोट खाकर विवशतापूर्ण जीवन किसी प्रकार भी नहीं धारण करूँगा

tyaktvā raṇam imaṁ saute pṛṣṭhato 'bhyāhataḥ śaraiḥ | tvayāpanīto vivaśo na jīveyaṁ kathaṁcana ||

风神伐由说道:“车夫之子啊,若我弃此战阵——被你违我本意拖离——又从背后中箭,我决不在这般无力的耻辱中苟活。宁死,也不愿在背弃战斗之后延命。”

त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज्
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
रणम्battle
रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सौतेO charioteer’s son (Sūta’s son)
सौते:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind / on the back side
पृष्ठतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठ
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय
अभ्याहतःstruck / smitten
अभ्याहतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-आ-हन्
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शरैःby arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular
अपनीतःled away / removed
अपनीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-नी
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
विवशःhelpless / compelled
विवशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविवश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
जीवेयम्I would live / I should live
जीवेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथंचनin any way at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् + चन
Formअव्यय (emphatic/indefinite)

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Wind-god)
S
Sūtaputra (son of a charioteer; addressed person)
R
raṇa (battlefield)
Ś
śara (arrows)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts an honor-based ethic of warfare: to be forced to withdraw and then be wounded from behind is experienced as intolerable disgrace; one should not cling to life at the cost of abandoning one’s duty and dignity in battle.

Vāyu addresses a ‘sūtaputra’ (charioteer’s son), protesting that being pulled away from the fight against his will would leave him exposed to arrows from behind; he declares he would rather die than live after such a compelled retreat.