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Shloka 45

कण्वोपदेशः—नश्वरबलविवेकः तथा मातलिगुणकेश्याः आख्यानारम्भः

Kaṇva’s Counsel on Impermanent Power; Opening of the Mātali–Guṇakeśī Narrative

स्वपन्ति च प्लवन्ते च छर्दयन्ति च मानवा: । मूत्रयन्ते च सततं रुदन्ति च हसन्ति च

svapanti ca plavante ca chardayanti ca mānavāḥ | mūtrayante ca satataṃ rudanti ca hasanti ca ||

罗摩说道:在那等武器的施用冲击之下,人们失却平常的知觉,举止乖戾——有的沉沉睡去,有的跳跃狂奔,有的呕吐不止;有的不断小便,有的又哭又笑,无法自持。此景昭示:暴力若被滥用,足以摧毁人的镇定与尊严,使人沦为无助的受害者,而不再是能自觉承担道德责任的主体。

स्वपन्तिthey sleep
स्वपन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्लवन्तेthey leap/jump about
प्लवन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्लु (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छर्दयन्तिthey vomit
छर्दयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछर्द् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद, णिजन्त (causative) formation in usage: 'cause to vomit' → 'vomit'
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मानवाःmen/people
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
मूत्रयन्तेthey urinate
मूत्रयन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमूत्र (प्रातिपदिक) / मूत्रय् (नामधातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, आत्मनेपद, नामधातु (denominative) from 'मूत्र' = 'to urinate'
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सततम्constantly
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formadverbial accusative (नपुंसक एकवचन)
रुदन्तिthey weep/cry
रुदन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरुद् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हसन्तिthey laugh
हसन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहस् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

राम उवाच

R
Rāma
M
mānavāḥ (people/humans)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dehumanizing consequences of violent force: when weapons (and their effects) overwhelm the mind and body, people lose self-control and basic dignity. Ethically, it warns that the exercise of power in war can produce indiscriminate suffering, undermining dharma by reducing humans to helpless, disoriented victims.

Rāma describes the observable symptoms seen among people affected by the deployment or influence of powerful weapons—sleeping, frantic jumping, vomiting, involuntary urination, and uncontrolled crying and laughter—portraying a chaotic, traumatizing aftermath.