Shloka 14

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ९३: कृष्णस्य धृतराष्ट्रोपदेशः

Kṛṣṇa’s Counsel to Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Assembly

Devanagari script

आने प्रदक्षिणं कृत्वा ब्राह्मणांश्व जनार्दन: । कौस्तुभं मणिमामुच्य श्रिया परमया ज्वलन्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | agniṃ brāhmaṇāṃś ca pradakṣiṇaṃ kṛtvā janārdanaḥ | kaustubhaṃ maṇim āmuccya śriyā paramayā jvalan | kṛtāñjalir iva gambhīraśabdaṃ kurvāṇaṃ sajala-megha-garjana-samam | sarva-ratna-vibhūṣitaṃ divyaṃ rathaṃ samupasthitaṃ jñātvā | kauravaiḥ parivṛtaḥ vṛṣṇi-vīraiḥ surakṣitaḥ sarva-yādavān ānandayann mahāmanāḥ śūra-nandanaḥ śrī-kṛṣṇo janārdano ratham ārūḍhavān |

Translation

毗舍摩耶那说：阎那尔陀那绕行圣火与婆罗门而行右旋礼，令圣火与婆罗门居于其右以示恭敬；他佩戴考斯图婆宝珠，放射无上光辉，走近那辆神圣战车——车上镶饰万种宝石，发出如雨云雷鸣般深沉的轰响。被俱卢众环绕，又为弗利什尼诸勇士护卫，那位高怀的圣奎师那、令一切夜陀婆欢悦者，遂登上此车。

Word by Word

• आने: having come / on coming
• आने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) + नी (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययार्थे) अव्ययभाव-क्रियाविशेषण, परस्मैपद-भावार्थ

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation (keeping the right side)
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (अव्यय)

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)

• जनार्दनः: Janardana (Krishna)
• जनार्दनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कौस्तुभम्: the Kaustubha (gem)
• कौस्तुभम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौस्तुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मणिम्: gem
• मणिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मणि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आमुच्य: having put on / having fastened
• आमुच्य: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) + मुच् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप् (अव्यय), परस्मैपद-भावार्थ

• श्रिया: with splendor/beauty
• श्रिया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• परमया: supreme, excellent
• परमया: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ज्वलन्: shining, blazing
• ज्वलन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्वल् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Śrī Kṛṣṇa
• Janārdana
• Śūra-nandana
• Kauravas
• Vṛṣṇi heroes
• Yādavas
• Agni (sacred fire)
• Brāhmaṇas
• Kaustubha jewel
• Divine chariot

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in the midst of political maneuvering and the approach of war, dharma is upheld through reverence to sacred institutions: Kṛṣṇa first honors Agni and the brāhmaṇas by pradakṣiṇā, signaling that righteous conduct and respect for spiritual authority should precede public action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Kṛṣṇa’s majestic public movement: wearing the Kaustubha and shining with splendor, he honors the fire and brāhmaṇas, approaches the jewel-adorned divine chariot whose sound is like thunder, and then mounts it, surrounded by Kauravas and guarded by Vṛṣṇi warriors, bringing joy to the Yādavas.